Self‐Powered Triboelectric–Piezoelectric Hybrid Acoustic Sensor with Microcone Patterned Film Based on Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride)/ LNKNTS‐Mn Nanorods Composite

Abstract Hybrid piezoelectric/triboelectric nanogenerators combine the merits of piezoelectric and triboelectric nanogenerators, possessing enhanced electrical output and sensitivity. The growth of the Internet of Things has focused attention on acoustic sensors as a key technology. However, it remains challenging to achieve high sensing accuracy and self‐power capability, and the structures of the majority of hybrid nanogenerators are complex in integrating both functions, which limits their practical application in wearable electronics. Here, constructing a self‐powered triboelectric‐piezoelectric hybrid acoustic sensor (TPAS) is proposed with a simple structure based on a poly(vinylidene fluoride)/LNKNTS‐Mn nanorods composite film to simultaneously achieve coupling of piezoelectric charge generation and triboelectrification, thereby improving energy conversion efficiency. TPAS demonstrates outstanding acoustic sensing capabilities, achieving sensitivity and figure of merit sensitivity (FOM _sens ) of 162.5 mV Pa ⁻¹ and 42.33 mV·Pa ⁻¹ ·cm ⁻² , respectively, at 200 Hz and 94 dB, a broad frequency range (100 Hz–3 kHz). Leveraging machine learning and deep learning algorithms, the system achieves classification accuracies of 95% during training and 98% during testing across 300 voice samples spanning six distinct categories. These results underscore the potential of triboelectric–piezoelectric hybrid sensors as a foundational platform for the next generation of intelligent bioelectronic systems, offering a universal approach to advanced human–machine interaction.