journal article·2026-01Open access

Hydrogen‐Bonding‐Guided Interfacial Water Engineering for Selective CO 2 ‐to‐C 2+ Conversion at Industrial Current Densities

Zihao Huang, Mingwei Fang, Xiaochen Feng, Meiling Wang, Wenxiu Jiang, Zewen Wang, Rong Zhang, Ying Zhu, Lei Jiang

Advanced Functional Materials· Volume 36· Issue 1

Abstract

Abstract The electroreduction of CO 2 to multi‐carbon (C 2+ ) products offers a sustainable route for chemicals production. However, the competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), especially at high current densities where proton transport dominates, remains a major challenge to achieving high C 2+ selectivity. In this study, an interfacial water engineering strategy guided by hydrogen bonding is reported to construct a dual‐functional Cu‐based catalyst that simultaneously enhances C 2+ selectivity and suppresses HER. By co‐assembling cobalt tetraaminated phthalocyanine (CoTAPc) and perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) onto Cu surface, a hydrophobic, hydrogen‐bond‐rich microenvironment is formed. This interfacial network reorganizes water molecules into spatially confined clusters, enabling directional proton transport and accelerating water dissociation. Such dual modulation of CO 2 availability and proton dynamic effectively decouples C─C coupling from HER, leading to selective C 2+ formation. The resulting CoTAPc/Cu catalyst exhibits a C 2+ Faraday efficiency (FE) of 90.7% with only 3.5% H 2 FE at 1.1 A cm −2 . Moreover, it maintains 81% C 2+ selectivity at 30 A in a 100 cm 2 membrane electrode assembly (MEA) electrolyzer. Operando spectroscopic analyses and density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that CoTAPc‐PFSA interface lowers the *CO dimerization barrier while facilitating water dissociation and increasing *H adsorption energy, thus suppressing HER and enabling efficient CO 2 conversion.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts · Ammonia Synthesis and Nitrogen Reduction · Green IT and Sustainability

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

State Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Interfacial Materials Science School of Chemistry Beihang University Beijing 100191 China

CAS Key Laboratory of Bio‐Inspired Materials and Interface Science Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China

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