Temperature dependence of complete sets of material constants of Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3–Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 crystals using different poling methods

The complete sets of material constants of <001>-oriented two wafers (HP: high-performance and LP: low-performance) using direct current poling (DCP) and alternating current poling (ACP) were investigated. ACP can improve the longitudinal and transverse piezoelectric properties (about 20% increase in both d ₃₁ and d ₃₃ ) and decrease the shear properties (about 40% decrease in d ₁₅). The compliance constants S ^E _ij of both ACP HP and LP samples have the similar change trend (the absolute of S ^E ₁₁, S ^E ₁₂, S ^E ₁₃, S ^E ₃₃, S ^E ₆₆ increasing, the S ^E ₄₄ decreasing), while most stiffness constants C ^E _ij of both ACP HP and LP samples show the different change trend. The values of C ^E ₁₁, C ^E ₁₂, C ^E ₁₃ of ACP LP samples increase by at least 50% while ACP HP samples decrease by about 5%. As temperature elevated, the dielectric properties ( ε ^T ₁₁/ ε ₀, ε ^T ₃₃/ ε ₀ ), piezoelectric properties ( d ₁₅, d ₃₁, d ₃₃ ) and electromechanical coupling coefficients ( k ₁₅, k ₃₃) increased steadily, while the k ₃₁ keep stable.