Yttrium Oxide Nanoclusters Boosted Fe‐N₄ and Fe₄N Electrocatalyst for Future Zinc–Air Battery

Abstract Atomically distributed transition metal coordinated with nitrogen is considered as a class of promising oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalyst. However, the challenge of ineffective distribution of Fe‐N_x active sites have been long existing, leading to low active site density and unstable performance, which needs be overcome for next generation ORR electrocatalysts. Herein, yttrium (Y) is introduced into atomically dispersed iron (Fe) nitrogen co‐doped carbon materials to integrate nanoparticles, nanoclusters, and atomic sites, which endow the Fe‐N₄‐Y₂O₃ and Fe₄N_0.94‐Y₂O₃ (FeY‐NC) with outstanding ORR activity. The FeY‐NC achieves half‐wave potential of 0.926 and 0.809 V in alkaline and acidic condition, respectively. The kinetics current density at 0.9 V in alkaline condition is 31.2 mA cm⁻², which is 7.8 times of Fe‐NC and 32.4 times of Pt/C. This outstanding activity of FeY‐NC is enabled by the generated atomic FeN₄ and Fe₄N nanoparticles dual active‐sites, and further the synergistic effect between the Fe‐N_x/Fe₄N_0.94 with Y₂O₃ nanoclusters are loaded on nitrogen‐doped carbon (NC) network. The superior performance of FeY‐NC is demonstrated in a primary Zinc‐air battery, deliver a peak power density of 233 mW cm⁻².