Direct Fabrication of 3D Electrodes Based on Graphene and Conducting Polymers for Supercapacitor Applications

Abstract The development of commercially viable composite conducting polymer electrodes for energy storage is limited by the requirement of multiple and complex fabrication steps, low energy density, and poor cycling stability. In this work, a straightforward, economical, single‐step method is developed for creating densely packed nanostructured PEDOT/graphene composite material demonstrating its application as an electrode for supercapacitors. The electrode achieved the highest mass loading reported so far in the literature for composite vapor phase polymerized PEDOT/rGO using aqueous FeCl₃ (25.2 mg cm⁻²), and displayed an ultrahigh areal capacitance of 4628.3 mF cm⁻² at 0.5 mA cm⁻². The symmetric two‐electrode setup displayed an energy density of 169.3 µWh cm⁻² and a 70% capacitance retention after 70 000 cycles, showcasing its exceptional performance and durability.