Neutronographic Analysis of Load Partitioning and Micro Residual Stress Development in Duplex Stainless Steels
Source abstract
Abstract
In the present work, neutronographic in situ diffraction stress analyses during uniaxial loading and subsequent unloading were carried out on the two duplex stainless steels X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 and X3CrNiMoN27-5-2 with nominal phase fractions for ferrite:austenite of 50:50% and 70:30%, respectively. In addition to the different phase fractions, the two steels also differed in their phase-specific crystallographic texture. The load-partitioning behaviour and the phase-specific micro (residual) stress evolution for total strains up to about 9% were investigated. The results indicated that for both materials under load, the phase-specific stress in the ferrite phase was significantly higher than in the austenite phase, while no texture development through the plastic deformation could be observed.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Hydrogen embrittlement and corrosion behaviors in metals · Welding Techniques and Residual Stresses · Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steels
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Institute for Applied Materials, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
Institut Laue-Langevin, CEDEX 9, 38042 Grenoble, France
Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), TU München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
Funding
German Research Foundation (DFG)
References (43)
Show source-provided references
1. Influence of microstructure on the corrosion resistance of the duplex stainless steel UNS S3180310.1016/j.matchar.2007.09.002 ↗
2. Calderón-Uríszar-Aldaca, I., Briz, E., Matanza, A., Martin, U., and Bastidas, D.M. (2020). Corrosion Fatigue Numerical Model for Austenitic and Lean-Duplex Stainless-Steel Rebars Exposed to Marine Environments. Metals, 10.10.3390/met10091217 ↗
3. Johansson, J. (1999). Residual Stresses and Fatigue in a Duplex Stainless Steel. [PhD Thesis, Linkoeping Studies in Science and Technology, Linkopings Universitet]. 91-7219-523-1.
4. TMR Stainless (2014). Practical Guidelines for the Fabrication of Duplex Stainless Steels, International Molybdenum. [3rd ed.].
5. Tang, J., Yang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, H., Xiao, Y., Apreutesei, M., Nie, Z., and Normand, B. (2019). Corrosion Behavior of 2205 Duplex Stainless Steels in HCl Solution Containing Sulfide. Metals, 9.10.3390/met9030294 ↗
6. Residual stresses in deep-drawn cups made of duplex stainless steel X2CrNiN23-410.1007/s10010-021-00497-4 ↗
7. Phase-specific residual stresses induced by deep drawing of lean duplex steel: Measurement vs. simulation10.1007/s11740-019-00877-4 ↗
8. Peng, R.L., Gibmeier, J., Chai, G.C., and Johansson, S. (2008, January 4–8). Load partitioning in a duplex stainless steel with surface strength gradient and residual stresses. Proceedings of the 57th Annual Conference on Applications of X-ray Analysis and the 8th International Conference on Residual Stresses, Advances in X-Ray Analysis, Denver, CO, USA.
9. Simon, N., Krause, M., Heinemann, P., Erdle, H., Böhlke, T., and Gibmeier, J. (2020). Phase-Specific Strain Hardening and Load Partitioning of Cold Rolled Duplex Stainless Steel X2CrNiN23-4. Crystals, 10.10.3390/cryst10110976 ↗
10. Characterization on stress-strain behavior of ferrite and austenite in a 2205 duplex stainless steel based on nanoindentation and finite element method10.1016/j.rinp.2018.06.023 ↗
11. Elastoplastic properties of duplex steel determined using neutron diffraction and self-consistent model10.1016/j.actamat.2003.10.046 ↗
12. Elastoplastic deformation and damage process in duplex stainless steels studied using synchrotron and neutron diffractions in comparison with a self-consistent model10.1016/j.ijplas.2016.01.018 ↗
13. Mechanical properties of phases in austeno-ferritic duplex stainless steel—Surface stresses studied by X-ray diffraction10.1016/j.msea.2006.06.074 ↗
14. Microcrack initiation mechanism of a duplex stainless steel under very high cycle fatigue loading condition: The significance of load partitioning and micro residual stresses10.1016/j.actamat.2020.08.042 ↗
15. Hutchings, M.T., Withers, P.J., Holden, T.M., and Lorentzen, T. (2005). Introduction to the Characterization of Residual Stress by Neutron Diffraction, CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group. [1st ed.].10.1201/9780203402818 ↗
16. Lattice strain evolution during uniaxial tensile loading of stainless steel10.1016/S0921-5093(98)00878-8 ↗
17. DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V., and DIN German Institute for Standardization (2020). Non-destructive testing—Standard test method for determining residual stresses by neutron diffraction, Beuth Verlag GmbH. 19.100 (ISO 21432:2020).
18. The development of intergranular strains in a high-strength steel10.1243/0309324981513075 ↗
19. Beck, G., Denis, S., and Simon, A. (1989). Effects of Elastic Anisotropy on the Lattice Strains in Polycrystalline Metals and Composites Measured by Neutron Diffraction. International Conference on Residual Stresses: ICRS2, Springer.
20. Neutron Diffraction Study of Duplex Stainless Steel during Loading at 200 °C10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.571-572.175 ↗
21. Intergranular and interphase microstresses10.1016/S1359-0286(00)00019-X ↗
22. Methods for obtaining the strain-free lattice parameter when using diffraction to determine residual stress10.1107/S0021889807030269 ↗
23. The determination of a stress-free lattice parameter within a stressed material using elastic anisotropy10.1107/S0021889801002497 ↗
24. Effect of macroscopic relaxation on residual stress analysis by diffraction methods10.1063/1.4752877 ↗
25. STRESS-SPEC: Materials science diffractometer
26. SALSA—A new instrument for strain imaging in engineering materials and components10.1016/j.msea.2006.04.083 ↗
27. Röntgenographische Untersuchung von Spannungszuständen in Werkstoffen: X-Ray Investigation of Stress States in Materials10.1002/mawe.19950260310 ↗
28. Pulvermacher, S., Bücker, T., Šaroun, J., Rebelo-Kornmeier, J., Hofmann, M., and Gibmeier, J. (2021). Neutron and X-ray Diffraction Analysis of Macro and Phase-Specific Micro Residual Stresses in Deep Rolled Duplex Stainless Steels. Materials, 14.10.3390/ma14081854 ↗
29. Knabben, H. (2016, October 13). Werkstoffblatt TK 1.4462 (X2CrNiMoN22-5-3), 45313 Essen, 2006. Available online: https://www.steelinox.nl/en/qualities/duplex-superduplex/1.4462-s31803-f51-x2crnimon22-5-3.
30. (2022, September 07). DIN EN 10088-3:2014-12, Nichtrostende Stähle_- Teil_3: Technische Lieferbedingungen für Halbzeug, Stäbe, Walzdraht, gezogenen Draht, Profile und Blankstahlerzeugnisse aus korrosionsbeständigen Stählen für allgemeine Verwendung; Deutsche Fassung; Beuth Verlag GmbH: Berlin, Germany. Available online: https://www.beuth.de/de/norm/din-en-10088-3/201983218.
31. Texture Analysis with MTEX—Free and Open Source Software Toolbox10.4028/www.scientific.net/SSP.160.63 ↗
32. Ferrite slip system activation investigated by uniaxial micro-tensile tests and simulations10.1016/j.actamat.2017.12.054 ↗
33. Some applications of the Taylor theory of polycrystal plasticity10.1002/crat.19700050112 ↗
34. Bechmann, R., Hearmon, R.F.S., and Hellwege, K.H. (1966). Elastische, piezoelektrische, piezooptische und elektrooptische Konstanten von Kristallen, Landolt-Börnstein: Zahlenwerte und Funktionen aus Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Neue Serie, Gruppe 3: Kristall-und Festkörperphysik; Band 1, Springer.
35. Predicted single-crystal elastic constants of stainless-steel 316
36. Gibmeier, J., Hofmann, M., Pirling, T., Pulvermacher, S., Kornmeier, R., Saroun, J., and Zürn, M. Residual stress analysis for multiphase materials with depth gradients of the strain free/independent lattice parameter d0 (cont.): 1-02-226/Cycle 183 (from 03/09/2018 to 28/10/2018), instrument SALSA.
37. Analysis and visualisation of neutron-scattering data10.1080/10238169608200065 ↗
38. The determination of a continuum mechanics equivalent elastic strain from the analysis of multiple diffraction peaks10.1063/1.1794896 ↗
39. Tanaka, K., Akiniwa, Y., and Ito, T. (2000, January 10–12). Effect of secondary phase on diffraction elastic constants of polycrystalline materials. Proceedings of the ICRS-6, Oxford, UK.
40. Die röntgenographischen Elastizitätskonstanten keramischer Werkstoffe zur Ermittlung der Spannungen aus Gitterdehnungsmessungen
41. Modelling and simulation of multi-phase effects on X-ray elasticity constants10.1002/pssb.200301833 ↗
42. Diffraction-based determination of single-crystal elastic constants of polycrystalline titanium alloys10.1107/S1600576719010720 ↗
43. Effect of Secondary Phase on Elastic Constants for Stress Measurement of Multi-Phase Materials by X-Ray and Neutron Diffraction Methods10.1299/jsmea.41.280 ↗