In Situ Experiments with Synchrotron High‐Energy X‐Rays and Neutrons

Abstract High‐energy X‐rays offer the large penetration depths that are often required for determination of bulk properties in engineering materials research. Photon energies of 150 keV and more are available at synchrotron sources, depending on storage ring and insertion device. In addition, synchrotron sources can offer very high intensities on the sample even at these energies. They can be used not only to obtain high spatial resolution using very small beams, but also high time resolution in combination with a fast detector. This opens up possibilities for a wide range of in situ experiments. Typical examples that are already widely used are heating or tensile testing in the beam. However, there are also more challenging in situ experiments in the field of engineering materials research like e.g. dilatometry, differential scanning calorimetry, or cutting. Nevertheless, there are a number of applications where neutron techniques are still favorable and both probes, photons and neutrons, should be regarded as complementary. A number of in situ experiments were realized at the GKSS synchrotron and neutron beamlines and selected examples are presented in the following.