Investigation of 3D Wave Propagation in Foam‐Core Functionally Graded Material Magneto‐Piezoelectric Smart Nanoplates

In this study, wave propagation in functionally graded magneto‐electro‐elastic smart nanoplates is investigated by nonlinear stress gradient theory considering size effects. Wave propagation equations are obtained under thermal, magnetic and electric field effects using Hamilton's principle. Trigonometric functions were used as an analytical solution method. Phase velocity, frequency, and group velocity are determined depending on the wavelength. The effects of porosity are investigated with four different models, and BaTiO₃ is considered as the bottom layer and CoFe₂O₄ as the top layer within the scope of functional change of material composition. In addition, material gradient value, porosity distribution function, dimensionless parameters, electric‐magnetization potentials, and thermal load effects are analyzed. The results show that wave propagation properties can be controlled by material composition and external fields. This flexibility can provide advantages in areas such as sonar and aviation.