journal article·2026-07-17

Weakening Ion Transport Anisotropy Activates Superionic Conduction in Li 2 ZrCl 6

Tianrui Sun, Ziqing Wang, Yunzhou Wang, Suzhe Liang, Fei Liang, Yanjie Wang, Linnan Bi, Xiongbang Wei, Ying Lin, Jiaxuan Liao, Jian Peng, Sizhe Wang, Changhong Wang

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Halide solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) are promising for all‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) but are often limited by the challenge of simultaneously achieving sufficient ionic conductivity and cost‐effectiveness. Herein, we demonstrate that weakening ion transport anisotropy is an effective route to achieve superionic conduction in low‐cost Li 2 ZrCl 6 through an anion‐cation co‐doping strategy using InF 3 . Mechanistic analysis reveals that moderate co‐doping reduces the intrinsic anisotropy of Li‐ion transport, thereby facilitating faster long‐range diffusion, whereas excessive doping introduces localized migration bottlenecks in the monoclinic lattice, leading to diminished ionic conductivity. The optimized Li 2.1 Zr 0.9 In 0.1 Cl 5.7 F 0.3 exhibits a high ionic conductivity of 1.03 × 10 −3 S cm −1 with a low activation energy of 0.357 eV. As a result, the ASSBs using this optimized halide SSE deliver high reversible capacity, excellent rate capability, and long‐term stability, retaining 92.5% capacity after 500 cycles at 1 C and operating stably over 2500 cycles at 4 C. Moreover, the enhanced ionic conductivity enables stable operation at a high cathode loading of 31.2 mg cm −2 . This work highlights weakening ionic transport anisotropy as an effective strategy for designing high‐performance halide SSEs.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies · Thermal Expansion and Ionic Conductivity · Inorganic Chemistry and Materials

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Quzhou) University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Quzhou China

School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China

Eastern Institute for Advanced Study Ningbo Institute of Digital Twin Eastern Institute of Technology Ningbo People's Republic of China

Zhejiang Key Laboratory of All‐Solid‐State Battery Ningbo Key Laboratory of All‐Solid‐State Battery Ningbo People's Republic of China

School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei People's Republic of China

School of Material Science and Technology Shaanxi University of Science and Technology Xi'an China

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China

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