Work Function Evolution in Li Anode Processing
Source abstract
Abstract
Abstract Toward improved understanding and control of the interactions of Li metal anodes with their processing environments, a combined X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), and density functional theory (DFT) characterization of the effects that O2, CO2, and N2, the main gases in dry‐atmosphere battery production lines, induced on a reproducibly clean Li surface at room temperature is presented here. XPS measurements demonstrate that O2 is ten times more effective than CO2 at oxidizing metal Li. Notably, pure N2 is shown to not dissociate on clean metal Li. UPS results indicate that decomposition of O2 (CO2) reduces the work function of the Li surface by almost 1 eV, therefore increasing the reduction energy drive for the treated substrate by comparison to bare metallic Li. DFT simulations semiquantitatively account for these results on the basis of the effects of dissociative gas adsorption on the surface dipole density of the Li surface.
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Research context
OpenAlex topics: Advancements in Battery Materials · Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies · Advanced Battery Technologies Research
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Centre for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE) Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein 48 Vitoria‐Gasteiz 01510 Spain
Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU) P.O. Box 644 Bilbao 48080 Spain
Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) Helmholtzstrasse 11 Ulm 89081 Germany
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) P.O. Box 3640 Karlsruhe 76021 Germany
Scientific Computing Department STFC UKRI Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Harwell Campus Didcot OX11 0QX UK
Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool Liverpool L69 3BX UK
School of Chemistry University of Southampton Highfield Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
Funding
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council · FP7 Energy
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