Phase-resolved characterization of hydride-induced hardening in Zircaloy-2 and Zr-2.5Nb using in situ nanoindentation and crystal plasticity modeling

1. Deformation of high β-phase fraction Zr–Nb alloys at room temperature10.1016/j.actamat.2012.02.040 ↗

2. Deformed microstructures of two-phase Zr–2.5Nb alloy: Effects of the second phase hardness10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.07.028 ↗

3. Investigating zirconium alloy corrosion with advanced experimental techniques: a review10.1016/j.jnucmat.2023.154586 ↗

4. Hydrogen in Ti and Zr alloys: industrial perspective, failure modes and mechanistic understanding

5. Hydrogen in zirconium alloys: a review10.1016/j.jnucmat.2019.02.042 ↗

6. Formation of large loop-hydrogen complexes and related effects on mechanical properties of Zirconium investigated with molecular dynamics method

7. Multi-physics modeling of delayed hydride cracking in zirconium alloys10.1016/j.jmps.2019.07.020 ↗

8. others, Characterisation of deuterium distributions in corroded zirconium alloys using high-resolution SIMS imaging10.1016/j.actamat.2020.09.040 ↗

9. Evidence of hydrogen trapping at second phase particles in zirconium alloys10.1038/s41598-021-83859-w ↗

10. Transformation behavior of hydrides precipitated with or without stress in Zr-2.5 Nb investigated by in-situ S/TEM thermal cycling10.1016/j.jnucmat.2021.153428 ↗

11. Effect of grain boundary character on intergranular hydrides precipitation in zirconium10.1016/j.actamat.2024.120120 ↗

12. Hydride precipitation dependence on α-parent orientation and plastic deformation in zirconium alloys10.1016/j.actamat.2023.119292 ↗

13. Strain evolution during hydride precipitation in Zircaloy-4 observed with synchrotron X-ray diffraction10.1016/j.jnucmat.2016.01.039 ↗

14. Discrete dislocation modelling of δ hydrides in Zr: towards an understanding of the importance of interfacial stresses for crack initiation10.1016/j.jnucmat.2022.154091 ↗

15. Dislocation modelling of the plastic relaxation and thermal ratchetting induced by zirconium hydride precipitation10.1016/j.jmps.2022.104988 ↗

16. Plasticity of zirconium hydrides: a coupled edge and screw discrete dislocation model10.1016/j.jmps.2020.104219 ↗

17. On the effect of nuclear fission cladding stresses on Zirconium hydride orientation and dislocation strain energy fields via discrete dislocation plasticity and crystal plasticity finite element modelling10.1016/j.jmps.2024.105924 ↗

18. On the interaction of grain-scale and hydride-scale stresses in hydrogen enriched zirconium alloy nuclear cladding via combined discrete dislocation plasticity and crystal plasticity finite element modelling10.1016/j.mechmat.2024.105033 ↗

19. The dilatational misfit of zirconium hydrides precipitated in zirconium10.1016/0022-3115(73)90022-6 ↗

20. Modelling the interactions of zirconium hydrides

21. Quantifying hydrogen concentration in the vicinity of zirconium hydrides and deformation twins10.1016/j.jmps.2020.104287 ↗

22. On the effects of transformation strain induced by hydride precipitation10.1016/j.actamat.2023.119356 ↗

23. In-situ EBSD analysis of hydride phase transformation and its effect on micromechanical behavior in Zircaloy-4 under uniaxial tensile loading10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.05.037 ↗

24. Dislocation-mediated hydride precipitation in zirconium

25. Quantification of dislocations densities in zirconium hydride by X-ray line profile analysis10.1016/j.actamat.2016.06.058 ↗

26. Microstructural and microchemical studies of Zr-2.5Nb pressure tube alloy10.1016/0022-3115(93)90087-F ↗

27. Resolving local microstructure variations in Zr-2.5 Nb CANDU pressure tubes using high spatial resolution electron backscatter diffraction and imaging10.1016/j.jnucmat.2023.154321 ↗

28. The role of β-phase on crack nucleation and propagation in dual phase zirconium polycrystals: a crystal plasticity finite element modeling10.1007/s10704-025-00850-6 ↗

29. Elastic and plastic properties of βZr at room temperature10.1016/j.jnucmat.2009.05.007 ↗

30. The Zr20Nb–H phase diagram and the characterisation of hydrides in β-Zr10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.08.031 ↗

31. Irradiation damage and hardening in pure Zr and Zr-Nb alloys at 573K from self-ion irradiation10.1016/j.matdes.2018.11.017 ↗

32. Evaluation of a delayed hydride cracking in Zr–2.5Nb CANDU and RBMK pressure tubes10.1016/j.matdes.2008.06.011 ↗

33. Microplasticity at room temperature in α/β titanium alloys10.1007/s11661-020-05945-4 ↗

34. Mechanical and microstructural characterizations of ultrafine grained Zircaloy-2 produced by room temperature rolling10.1016/j.matdes.2013.09.039 ↗

35. Constitutive modeling of δ-phase zircaloy hydride based on strain rate dependent nanoindentation and nano-scale impact dataset10.1016/j.ijplas.2020.102787 ↗

36. Nanoindentation measurements of the mechanical properties of zirconium matrix and hydrides in unirradiated pre-hydrided nuclear fuel cladding10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.04.045 ↗

37. Nanoindentation study of bulk zirconium hydrides at elevated temperatures10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.07.319 ↗

38. Orientation-dependent irradiation hardening in pure Zr studied by nanoindentation, electron microscopies, and crystal plasticity finite element modeling10.1016/j.ijplas.2019.08.007 ↗

39. Determining the local mechanical responses of zirconium and hydrides using in situ indentation and crystal plasticity modeling10.1016/j.actamat.2025.121392 ↗

40. Deformation, mechanical properties, and fracture of titanium hydrides10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.179333 ↗

41. Orientation and temperature effects on indentation creep mechanisms in magnesium10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.08.191 ↗

42. Determination of elastic strain fields and geometrically necessary dislocation distributions near nanoindents using electron back scatter diffraction10.1080/14786430903304145 ↗

43. Effect of composition on the micro-nano mechanical properties and crystal plasticity constitutive parameters of TNM-based TiAl alloys10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115789 ↗

44. Development of microstructure-sensitive damage models for zirconium polycrystals10.1016/j.ijplas.2021.103156 ↗

45. A microstructure-sensitive analytical solution for short fatigue crack growth rate in metallic materials10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2023.108365 ↗

46. Non local crystal plasticity and in-situ EBSD of deformation anisotropy in LPBF-ed Inconel 71810.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.111136 ↗

47. A full-field non-local crystal plasticity investigation of bi-layered HEA10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110009 ↗

48. GND accumulation in bi-crystal deformation: crystal plasticity analysis and comparison with experiments10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2009.03.005 ↗

49. Effect of crystal orientation on indentation-induced residual stress field: simulation and experimental validation10.1016/j.matdes.2019.107659 ↗

50. Simulation of crystal plasticity in irradiated metals: a case study on Zircaloy-410.1016/j.actamat.2022.118361 ↗

51. Measurement and modeling of micro residual stresses in zirconium crystals in three dimension10.1016/j.jmps.2019.103799 ↗

52. Hydride-enhanced strain localization in zirconium alloy: a study by crystal plasticity finite element method10.1016/j.ijplas.2024.103911 ↗

53. Simulation of fracture behaviors in hydrogenated zirconium alloys using a crystal plasticity coupled phase-field fracture model10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104304 ↗

54. Zirconium δ-hydrides: Strain localisation, ratcheting, and fatigue crack propagation10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104344 ↗

55. A non-local crystal plasticity constitutive model for hexagonal close-packed polycrystals10.1016/j.ijplas.2020.102883 ↗

56. Microstructure-interacting short crack growth in blocky alpha Zircaloy-410.1016/j.ijplas.2020.102711 ↗

57. In-situ assessment of microscale crack tip fields in zirconium10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2023.108812 ↗

58. Nanoindentation study of δ-phase zirconium hydride using the crystal plasticity model10.1016/j.ijplas.2023.103675 ↗

59. Anisotropic deformation mechanisms of rolling-textured Zircaloy-4 alloy by a crystal plasticity model10.1016/j.commatsci.2023.112424 ↗

60. Physics-informed LSTM framework for predicting anisotropic room-temperature creep in textured Zircaloy-410.1016/j.matdes.2026.115753 ↗

61. Indentation pileup behavior of Ti-6Al-4V alloy: experiments and nonlocal crystal plasticity finite element simulations10.1007/s11661-016-3946-0 ↗

62. Hydrogen concentration and hydrides in Zircaloy-4 during cyclic thermomechanical loading10.1016/j.actamat.2021.117368 ↗

63. Diffusion and redistribution of hydrogen atoms in the vicinity of localized deformation zones10.1016/j.mechmat.2022.104544 ↗

64. On the effects of texture and microstructure on hydrogen transport towards notch tips: a CPFE study10.1016/j.ijplas.2022.103234 ↗

65. Progressive modelling and experimentation of hydrogen diffusion and precipitation in anisotropic polycrystals10.1016/j.ijplas.2018.12.005 ↗

66. A hydrogen diffusion model considering grain boundary characters based on crystal plasticity framework10.1016/j.ijplas.2023.103740 ↗

67. Exploring the hydride-slip interaction in zirconium alloys10.1016/j.actamat.2023.119388 ↗

68. Residual stress measurement of laser powder bed fusion additively manufactured hastelloy-X through crystal plasticity simulations and neutron diffraction experiments10.1007/s11661-024-07474-w ↗

69. Characterization of IN738LC using in situ nanoindentation and crystal plasticity modeling10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114378 ↗

70. Inverse estimation approach for elastoplastic properties using the load-displacement curve and pile-up topography of a single Berkovich indentation10.1016/j.matdes.2020.108925 ↗

71. On the determination of the anisotropic plasticity of metal materials by using instrumented indentation10.1016/j.matdes.2016.08.076 ↗

72. The micromechanics of fracture of zirconium hydrides10.1016/j.actamat.2024.120143 ↗

73. The interactions of deformation twins, zirconium hydrides, and microcracks10.1016/j.ijplas.2024.104149 ↗

74. Texture analysis with MTEX–free and open source software toolbox, in10.4028/www.scientific.net/SSP.160.63 ↗

75. An improved technique for determining hardness and elastic modulus using load and displacement sensing indentation experiments10.1557/JMR.1992.1564 ↗

76. On the effects of reorientation and shear transfer during twin formation: Comparison between high resolution electron backscatter diffraction experiments and a crystal plasticity finite element model10.1016/j.ijplas.2016.05.006 ↗

77. Study of 3-D stress development in parent and twin pairs of a hexagonal close-packed polycrystal: part ii – crystal plasticity finite element modeling10.1016/j.actamat.2015.04.025 ↗

78. Finite element analysis of crystalline solids10.1016/0045-7825(85)90014-3 ↗

79. Single-crystal elastic moduli and the hcp bcc transformation in Ti, Zr, and Hf10.1103/PhysRev.135.A482 ↗

80. Multi-scale modeling and experimental study of twin inception and propagation in hexagonal close-packed materials using a crystal plasticity finite element approach; part II: local behavior10.1016/j.jmps.2012.10.017 ↗

81. Incorporation of twinning into a crystal plasticity finite element model: evolution of lattice strains and texture in Zircaloy-210.1016/j.ijplas.2011.04.005 ↗

82. M. Taherijam, D. Ilgert, H. Abdolvand, Effect of β-Phase on Deformation and Stress Partitioning in Zr-2.5 Nb Pressure Tubes, in: Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2025: p. V05AT06A053. https://doi.org/10.1115/PVP2025-152353.10.1115/PVP2025-152353 ↗

83. Ab initio thermodynamics of zirconium hydrides and deuterides10.1016/j.commatsci.2014.01.043 ↗

84. Plastic deformation of δ-zirconium hydride during micropillar compression10.1016/j.jnucmat.2023.154285 ↗

85. Resolving the geometrically necessary dislocation content by conventional electron backscattering diffraction10.1016/j.scriptamat.2008.01.050 ↗

86. Some geometrical relations in dislocated crystals10.1016/0001-6160(53)90054-6 ↗

87. The transformation behaviour of the β-phase in Zr–2.5Nb pressure tubes10.1016/j.jnucmat.2008.08.003 ↗

88. Nanoindentation studies of zirconium hydride10.1016/j.jallcom.2003.08.094 ↗

89. Decoupling indentation size and strain rate effects during nanoindentation: a case study in tungsten10.1016/j.jmps.2022.104935 ↗

90. On the measurement of hardness at high strain rates by nanoindentation impact testing10.1016/j.jmps.2022.105105 ↗

91. Interaction of rate- and size-effect using a dislocation density based strain gradient viscoplasticity model10.1016/j.jmps.2017.07.022 ↗

92. Hydrogen and hydride induced stress localization in single phase HCP and dual phase HCP-BCC alloys10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104325 ↗

93. Investigation of elevated-temperature mechanical properties of δ-hydride precipitate in Zircaloy-4 fuel cladding tubes using nanoindentation10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.07.321 ↗

94. Effect of hydrogenation conditions on the microstructure and mechanical properties of zirconium hydride10.1016/j.jnucmat.2017.12.027 ↗