C-doped TiO2/g-C3N4 composites derived from titanium ester-modified precursors with enhanced photocatalytic activity

1. X. Wang, K. Maeda, A. Thomas, K. Takanabe, G. Xin, J.M. Carlsson, K. Domen, M. Antonietti, A metal-free polymeric photocatalyst for hydrogen production from water under visible light. Nat. Mater. 8, 76–80 (2009)10.1038/nmat2317 ↗

2. N. Rono, J.K. Kibet, B.S. Martincigh, V.O. Nyamori, A review of the current status of graphitic carbon nitride. Crit. Rev. Solid State. 46, 1–29 (2020)

3. Q. Guo, H. Song, M. Sun, X. Yuan, Y. Su, Y. Lv, Co3O4 modified polymeric carbon nitride for external light-free chlorine activating degradation of organic pollutants. J. Hazard. Mater. 429, 128193 (2022)10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.128193 ↗

4. M. Aggarwal, S. Basu, N.P. Shetti, M.N. Nadagouda, E.E. Kwon, Y. Park, T.M. Aminabhavi, Photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction: exploring the role of ultrathin 2D graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4). Chem. Eng. J. 425, 131402 (2021)10.1016/j.cej.2021.131402 ↗

5. P. Deng, H. Li, Z. Wang, Y. Hou, Enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution by carbon-doped carbon nitride synthesized via the assistance of cellulose. Appl. Surf. Sci. 504, 144454 (2020)10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.144454 ↗

6. T. Wang, T. Wan, S. He, J. Wang, M. Yu, Y. Jia, Q. Tang, Fabrication of structural defects and carboxyl groups on graphitic carbon nitride with enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity. J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 11, 110050 (2023)10.1016/j.jece.2023.110050 ↗

7. A. Torres-Pinto, C.G. Silva, J.L. Faria, A.M.T. Silva, The effect of precursor selection on the microwave-assisted synthesis of graphitic carbon nitride. Catal. Today 424, 113868 (2023)10.1016/j.cattod.2022.08.010 ↗

8. G. Liu, M. Xue, Q. Liu, H. Yang, Y. Zhou, Facile synthesis of C-doped hollow spherical g-C3N4 from supramolecular self-assembly for enhanced photoredox water splitting. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 44, 25671–25679 (2019)10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.08.056 ↗

9. L. Zhao, Z. Huang, X. Zeng, X. He, D. Wang, W. Fang, W. Li, X. Du, H. Chen, In-situ grown carbon as charge transfer medium for enhanced photoinduced electrons extraction from polymer carbon nitride toward TiO2. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 653, 1236–1245 (2024)10.1016/j.jcis.2023.09.165 ↗

10. H. Liu, Z. Zhang, H. He, X. Wang, J. Zhang, Q. Zhang, Y. Tong, H. Liu, S. Ramakrishna, S. Yan, Y. Long, One-step synthesis heterostructured g-C3N4/TiO2 composite for rapid degradation of pollutants in utilizing visible light. Nanomaterials 8, 842 (2018)10.3390/nano8100842 ↗

11. S. Zhao, C. Zhang, Y. Wang, K. Zhao, Y. Zhou, L. Li, S. Zhuo, Facile construction of carbon doped carbon nitride tube with increased π-electron density for highly efficient hydrogen production. Colloid. Surf. A. 660, 130872 (2023)10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130872 ↗

12. R.G. Chaudhary, P. Ali, N.V. Gandhare, J.A. Tanna, H.D. Juneja, Thermal decomposition kinetics of some transition metal coordination polymers of fumaroyl bis (paramethoxyphenylcarbamide) using DTG/DTA techniques. Arab. J. Chem. 12, 1070–1082 (2016)10.1016/j.arabjc.2016.03.008 ↗

13. Y. Liu, L. Yang, C. Ma, Y. Zhang, Thermal behavior of sweet potato starch by non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis. Materials 12, 699 (2019)10.3390/ma12050699 ↗

14. M. Khairy, N. Amin, R. Kamal, Optical and kinetics of thermal decomposition of PMMA/ZnO nanocomposites. J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. 128, 1811–1824 (2017)10.1007/s10973-016-6062-x ↗

15. W. Yuan, J. Kuang, P. Liu, Effect of Er(NO3)3 content on the thermal decomposition kinetics of kaolinite. Appl. Clay Sci. 182, 105271 (2019)10.1016/j.clay.2019.105271 ↗

16. X. Ren, Q. Yu, J. Pan, Q. Wang, Y. Li, N. Shi, S. Deng, Effect of hydrogen bond interaction in precursor on photocatalytic oxidation of MB by C-GA/g-C3N4 composites. Appl. Surf. Sci. 606, 154941 (2022)10.1016/j.apsusc.2022.154941 ↗

17. J.R. Lane, S.D. Schrøder, G.C. Saunders, H.G. Kjaergaard, Intramolecular hydrogen bonding in substituted aminoalcohols. J. Phys. Chem. A 120, 6371–6378 (2016)10.1021/acs.jpca.6b05898 ↗

18. Z. He, Z. Mo, J. Fu, P. Yan, H. Chen, Y. Song, J. Yuan, Z. Chen, H. Li, H. Xu, A bubble-assisted strategy to prepare porous ultrathin carbon nitride for highly-active photocatalytic hydrogen production. J. Alloys Comp. 904, 163788 (2022)10.1016/j.jallcom.2022.163788 ↗

19. J. Zander, J. Timm, M. Weiss, R. Marschall, Light-induced ammonia generation over defective carbon nitride modified with pyrite. Adv. Energy Mater. 12, 2202403 (2022)10.1002/aenm.202202403 ↗

20. Y. Lin, Y. Yang, W. Guo, L. Wang, R. Zhang, Y. Liu, Y. Zhai, Preparation of double-vacancy modified carbon nitride to greatly improve the activity of photocatalytic hydrogen generation. Appl. Surf. Sci. 560, 150029 (2021)10.1016/j.apsusc.2021.150029 ↗

21. M. Luo, B. Wang, J. Shao, Y. Yan, G. Jiang, Q. Zhang, Y. Li, Au-loaded alkali metal-modified crystalline carbon nitride for photocatalytic nitrogen fixation. Carbon Lett. 34, 2291–2303 (2024)10.1007/s42823-024-00755-9 ↗

22. J. Wang, J. Huang, H. Xie, A. Qu, Synthesis of g-C3N4/TiO2 with enhanced photocatalytic activity for H2 evolution by a simple method. Int. J. Hydrogen Energ. 39, 6354–6363 (2014)10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.02.020 ↗

23. Y. Tan, Z. Shu, J. Zhou, T. Li, W. Wang, Z. Zhao, One-step synthesis of nanostructured g-C3N4/TiO2 composite for highly enhanced visible-light photocatalytic H2 evolution. Appl. Catal. B Environ. 230, 260–268 (2018)10.1016/j.apcatb.2018.02.056 ↗

24. X. Li, G. Wang, J. Wen, W. Liu, H. Zhan, X. Chen, H. Li, S. Bi, Facile synthesis of nitrogen vacancy-enriched polymeric carbon nitride via the trace manganese-induced precursor recrystallization process for photocatalytic degradation. J. Alloy. Compd. 970, 172546 (2024)10.1016/j.jallcom.2023.172546 ↗

25. Z. Yang, Y. Zhang, H. Zhang, J. Zhao, H. Shi, M. Zhang, H. Yang, Z. Zheng, P. Yang, Nitrogen vacancies in polymeric carbon nitrides promote CO2 photoreduction. J. Catal. 409, 12–23 (2022)10.1016/j.jcat.2022.03.016 ↗

26. N.P. Dharmarajan, M. Fawaz, C. Sathish, S.N. Talapaneni, K. Ramadass, A.M. Sadanandan, X.M.C. Ta, M. Huš, V. Perumalsamy, A. Tricoli, B. Likozar, C. Jeon, J. Yang, A. Vinu, Insights into atomic level π-electron modulations in supramolecular carbon nitride nanoarchitectonics for sustainable green hydrogen production. Adv. Energy Mater. 14, 2400686 (2024)10.1002/aenm.202400686 ↗

27. J. Lee, S. Mun, S. Lee, S. Park, Promoted charge separation and specific surface area via interlacing of N-doped titanium dioxide nanotubes on carbon nitride nanosheets for photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B. Nanotechnol. Rev. 11, 1592–1605 (2022)10.1515/ntrev-2022-0085 ↗

28. Y. Pan, W. Si, Y. Li, H. Tan, J. Liang, F. Hou, Promoting exciton dissociation by metal ion modification in polymeric carbon nitride for photocatalysis. Chin. Chem. Lett. 35, 109877 (2024)10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109877 ↗

29. S. Zhao, D. An, Y. Wang, J. Fang, Y. Zhou, S. Zhuo, Controlling electronic properties of carbon nitride nanotubes by carbon doping for photocatalytic H2 production. ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 6, 16231–16241 (2023)10.1021/acsanm.3c02304 ↗

30. J. Gu, H. Chen, F. Jiang, X. Wang, Visible light photocatalytic mineralization of bisphenol A by carbon and oxygen dual-doped graphitic carbon nitride. J. Colloid Interf. Sci. 540, 97–106 (2019)10.1016/j.jcis.2019.01.023 ↗

31. R.K. Chava, M. Kang, Ordered and carbon-doped porous polymeric graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets toward enhanced visible light absorption and efficient photocatalytic H2 evolution. Nanoscale 15, 18347–18358 (2023)10.1039/D3NR04270G ↗

32. R. Hao, G. Wang, H. Tang, L. Sun, C. Xu, D. Han, Template-free preparation of macro/mesoporous g-C3N4/TiO2 heterojunction photocatalysts with enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity. Appl. Catal. B-Environ. 187, 47–58 (2016)10.1016/j.apcatb.2016.01.026 ↗

33. J. Li, Y. Wang, H. Song, Y. Guo, S. Hu, H. Zheng, S. Zhang, X. Li, Q. Gao, C. Li, Z. Zhu, Y. Wang, Photocatalytic hydrogen under visible light by nitrogen-doped rutile titania graphitic carbon nitride composites: an experimental and theoretical study. Adv. Compos. Hybrid Ma. 6, 83 (2023)10.1007/s42114-023-00659-8 ↗

34. Y. Zheng, Y. Luo, Q. Ruan, S. Wang, J. Yu, X. Guo, W. Zhang, H. Xie, Z. Zhang, Y. Huang, Plasma-induced hierarchical amorphous carbon nitride nanostructure with two N2 C-site vacancies for photocatalytic H2O2 production. Appl. Catal. B- Environ. 311, 121372 (2022)10.1016/j.apcatb.2022.121372 ↗

35. C.P. Gordon, C. Raynaud, R.A. Andersen, C. Copéret, O. Eisenstein, Carbon-13 NMR chemical shift: a descriptor for electronic structure and reactivity of organometallic compounds. Acc. Chem. Res. 52, 2278–2289 (2019)10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00225 ↗

36. M.A. Mohamed, M.F.M. Zain, L.J. Minggu, M.B. Kassim, J. Jaafar, N.A.S. Amin, Z.A.M. Hir, M.S. Rosmi, Enhancement of visible light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution by bio-mimetic C-doped graphitic carbon nitride. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy 44, 13098–13105 (2019)10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.02.243 ↗