Magnetic and dielectric characterizations of Sm3+-doped BaSiO3 glass ceramics: Comprehensive analysis for energy storage devices
Source abstract
Abstract
We report the synthesis of BaSiO3:xmol% Sm3+glass–ceramics via a citrate-modified sol–gel technique, offering exceptional compositional precision and nanoscale uniformity. The doping effect on structural evolution was elucidated through Rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction data and FTIR. These outcomes were supplemented by 2D/3D mapping to study electron distribution in the areas of bonding interactions. Magnetic measurements revealed a dominant diamagnetism beyond ± 2 kOe in undoped BSO sample. The high values of bothMsand Mrsuggest ferromagnetic behavior in Sm3+-doped BSO, a material with strong magnetic properties suitable for storage devices. It was established that Sm3+doping enhanced the dielectric constant and AC conductivity (at high frequency) and decreased the loss factor. The AC conductivity displayed significant dispersion at high frequencies, governing the charge transport in doped samples. The high dielectric constant and dual magnetic response suggest that Sm3-doped BSO glass–ceramics are promising for high-efficiency energy storage devices.Graphical abstract
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