Strength predictions for bulk structures fabricated from nanoscale tungsten powders
Source abstract
Abstract
In concept, nanoscale tungsten powders should enable the production of very hard, strong, and wear-resistant sintered tungsten alloys and compounds. However, data from the press-sinter processing of small tungsten powders generally do not provide the anticipated property gains. Accordingly, existing press-sinter data from a range of tungsten particle sizes are used to formulate a model relevant to nanoscale powders. The model includes both size-dependent and temperature-dependent aspects. Available data are used to train the model to allow calculations of the sintered strength for various powders and processing cycles. Model predictions for density, grain size, sintered hardness, and sintered strength are used to isolate new processing strategies customized to nanoscale powders. Preservation of the nanoscale microstructure requires considerable departure from standard powder handling practices and fabrication cycles.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (58)
Show source-provided references
1. Yih · 1979
2. Investigation of HIP sintering of nanocrystalline WC–Co powder
3. Ivanov E, Wickersham CE. Compaction of mechanically milled pure nanocrystalline tungsten. In Kneringer G, Rodhammer P, Wilhartitz P, editors. Proceedings of the fourteenth plansee seminar, vol. 1, Plansee AG, Reutte, Austria, 1997. p. 207–16
4. Nanostructural characteristics and sintering behavior of W–Cu composite powder prepared by mechanical alloying
5. Microstructure and sintering behavior of W–Cu nanocomposite powder produced by thermo-chemical process10.1016/S0263-4368(02)00003-3 ↗
6. Enhancing thermal properties of W/Cu composites10.1179/003258901666464 ↗
7. Sintering behavior of mechanically coated WC–Co/TiC–Al2O3 particles by high-speed rotational impact blending10.1016/S0263-4368(03)00030-1 ↗
8. Azcona I, Ordonez A, Dominguez L, Sanchez JM, Castro F. Hot isostatic pressing of nanosized WC–Co hardmetals. In: Rodhammer P, Wildner H, editors. Proceedings fifteenth international plansee seminar, vol. 2, Plansee Holding, Reutte, Austria, 2001. p. 35–49
9. Nanophase and superfine cemented carbides process by powder injection molding10.1016/S0263-4368(98)00016-X ↗
10. Sadangi RK, McCandlish LE, Kear BH, Seegopaul P. Grain growth inhibition in liquid phase sintered nanophase WC/Co alloys. Advances in powder metallurgy and particulate materials—1998, Metal Powder Industries Federation, Princeton, NJ, 1998. p. 1.51–1.60
11. McCandlish LE, Seegopaul P., Sadangi RK. The inhibition of WC grain growth during sintering of nanostructured WC–Co powder compacts. Advances in powder metallurgy and particulate materials—1995, Metal Powder Industries Federation, Princeton, NJ, 1995. p. 13.17–13.23
12. Growth inhibition of nano WC particles in WC–Co alloys during liquid phase sintering10.2320/matertrans.44.2339 ↗
13. Grain size condition for abnormal grain growth in fine-grained WC–Co hardmetal estimated by numerical calculation based on two kinds of grain size alloy model
14. German RM, Ma J, Wang X, Olevsky E. Processing opportunities for the fabrication of bulk nanoscale tungsten materials, P/M Science and Technology Briefs, in review
15. Effects of particle size on the sintering kinetics in tungsten powder10.1179/pom.1964.7.14.011 ↗
16. Materials science of cemented carbides—an overview10.1016/S0261-3069(01)00007-3 ↗
17. A first report on sintering diagrams10.1016/0001-6160(74)90167-9 ↗
18. Effect of particle size distribution on sintering
19. Porous structure of sintered tungsten10.1007/BF00796114 ↗
20. Skorokhod VV, Panichkina VV. Effect of particle size distribution on initial powder sintering stage. In: Proceedings 1998 PM World Congress, Granada, Spain, published on CD by European Powder Metallurgy Association, Shrewsbury, UK, December 1998
21. Model of initial stage of ultrafine metal powder sintering10.1016/0965-9773(94)90025-6 ↗
22. Degree of pore-grain boundary contact during sintering10.1007/BF02647873 ↗
23. Sintering kinetics in tungsten powder10.1016/0022-5088(63)90007-9 ↗
24. German · 1996
25. German · 1994
26. Evolution of the grain size distribution during the sintering of alumina at 1350°C10.1111/j.1151-2916.2002.tb00387.x ↗
27. German · 1989
28. Lassner · 1999
29. The relationship between compactability and shrinkage rate in activated sintering of nickel-doped tungsten10.1179/pom.17.34.1974.008 ↗
30. Particle size influences on the strength relation for air sintered aluminum10.1007/BF02646866 ↗
31. Particle size distribution effects on sintering of spherical tungsten
32. Liquid phase sintering of Ni-BN compacts
33. Enhanced low-temperature sintering of tungsten10.1007/BF02659818 ↗
34. Porous structure of sintered tungsten10.1007/BF00796114 ↗
35. The effect of HCl–H2 sintering atmospheres on properties of compacted tungsten powder
36. Diffusion mechanism for tungsten sintering kinetics10.1063/1.1713072 ↗
37. Sintering diagrams for tungsten spheres and compacts
38. Dilatometric analysis of sintering of tungsten and tungsten with ceria and Hafnia dispersions10.1016/0263-4368(93)90074-P ↗
39. Sintering indexes: monitoring microstructure in porous tungsten
40. Densification maps and defect healing during sinter/HIP of polyphase materials
41. The influence of microstructure on the sintering process in crystalline metal powders investigated by positron lifetime spectroscopy: II. Tungsten powders with different powder particle sizes10.1088/0953-8984/11/7/010 ↗
42. Master sintering curve: a practical approach to sintering10.1111/j.1151-2916.1996.tb08097.x ↗
43. German RM, Ma J, Wang X, Olevsky E. Model for the press-and-sinter processing of nanoscale Tungsten powders. Acta Mater, submitted for publication
44. Theory of the dependence of densification on grain growth during intermediate-stage sintering10.1111/j.1151-2916.1975.tb11437.x ↗
45. Possible correlation between density and grain size during sintering10.1111/j.1151-2916.1972.tb11281.x ↗
46. Intermediate stage sintering
47. Constitutive models for the sintering of ceramic components—I. Material models10.1016/0956-7151(92)90183-F ↗
48. Correlation of grain size and density during intermediate-stage sintering of Ag10.1111/j.1151-2916.1972.tb13445.x ↗
49. The influence of green density upon sintering
50. Effect of particle size distribution on the sintering of alumina10.1111/j.1151-2916.1988.tb05812.x ↗
51. Sintering of (Cu0.25Ni0.25Zn0.50)Fe2O4 Ferrite10.1111/j.1551-2916.2004.00571.x ↗
52. On hardness and toughness of ultrafine and nanocrysalline hard materials10.1016/S0263-4368(99)00003-7 ↗
53. Spark plasma sintering of alumina10.1111/j.1151-2916.2002.tb00381.x ↗
54. Zych L, Haberko K. Shaping and sintering of ceramic nanopowders. In: Ristic MM, editor. Science of sintering: current problems and new trends. Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Beograd, Serbia, 2003. p. 99–107
55. Schwenke GK. Thermodynamics of the hydrogen–carbon–tungsten system, as applied to the manufacture of tungsten and tungsten carbide. In: Rodhammer P, Wildner H, editors. Proceedings fifteenth international plansee seminar, vol. 2, Plansee Holding, Reutte, Austria, 2001. p. 647–61
56. Reduction and sintering of alumina/tungsten nanocomposites10.2109/jcersj.108.1258_541 ↗
57. The mechanism of hydrogen reduction synthesis of nanocomposite W–Cu powders10.1016/S0965-9773(97)00056-1 ↗
58. Nanostructured hard material composites by molecular engineering 1. Synthesis from soluble tungstate salts10.1016/S0965-9773(97)00029-9 ↗