The synthesis and consolidation of hard materials by spark plasma sintering
Source abstract
Abstract
Abstract Dense ceramic matrix composites consisting of boron carbide, titanium diboride, hafnium diboride were synthesized by spark plasma sintering (SPS). Specifically, a functionally graded boron carbide–aluminum composite with a precipitous microstructural gradient was created by a unique SPS die/punch off-set technique. Additionally, pseudo eutectic titanium diboride–boron carbide composites were synthesized by SPS using mechanically alloyed elemental powders. Lastly, hafnium diboride–20 vol.% silicon carbide composites were created from high energy ball milled precursor powders. This work demonstrates the SPS equipment’s promising potential to synthesize bulk, hard, refractory composites.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (47)
Show source-provided references
1. Efficient synthesis/sintering routes to obtain fully dense ultra-high-temperature ceramics (UHTCs)10.1021/ie0701423 ↗
2. Boron carbide-a comprehensive review10.1016/0955-2219(90)90048-K ↗
3. Pressureless sintering of boron carbide10.1016/j.ceramint.2005.02.008 ↗
4. Sintering behaviour of ultra-fine titanium diboride powder prepared by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) technique10.1016/j.msea.2006.11.083 ↗
5. On the borothermic preparation of titanium, zirconium and hafnium diborides10.1016/0022-5088(68)90199-9 ↗
6. Quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis of reactive infiltrated boron carbide–aluminium composites10.1016/S0955-2219(02)00304-7 ↗
7. Continuous functionally graded boron carbide–aluminum nanocomposites by spark plasma sintering10.1016/j.msea.2007.05.124 ↗
8. Spark plasma sintering and deformation of Ti–TiB2 composites10.1016/j.msea.2007.01.161 ↗
9. Fast densification of ultra-high-temperature ceramics by spark plasma sintering10.1111/j.1744-7402.2006.02060.x ↗
10. Synthesis and characterization of dense ultra-high temperature thermal protection materials produced by field activation through spark plasma sintering (SPS): I. Hafnium diboride10.1007/s10853-005-2457-y ↗
11. Sintering, consolidation, reaction and crystal growth by the spark plasma system (SPS)10.1016/S0921-5093(00)00773-5 ↗
12. A novel processing route to develop a dense nanocrystalline alumina matrix (<100 nm) nanocomposite material10.1111/j.1151-2916.2003.tb03306.x ↗
13. Fundamental investigations on the spark plasma sintering/synthesis process: I. Effect of dc pulsing on reactivity10.1016/j.msea.2004.11.020 ↗
14. Fundamental investigations on the spark plasma sintering/synthesis process: II. Modeling of current and temperature distributions10.1016/j.msea.2004.11.019 ↗
15. Shewmon P. Diffusion in solids. 2nd ed. Warrendale, PA: The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society; 1989.
16. The effect of electric field and pressure on the synthesis and consolidation of materials: a review of the spark plasma sintering method10.1007/s10853-006-6555-2 ↗
17. Fundamental investigations on the spark plasma sintering/synthesis process: III. Current effect on reactivity10.1016/j.msea.2005.06.066 ↗
18. Shock-induced localized amorphization in boron carbide10.1126/science.1080819 ↗
19. Processing of boron carbide–aluminum composites10.1111/j.1151-2916.1989.tb06216.x ↗
20. Chemical reactivity of aluminium with boron carbide10.1023/A:1018625402103 ↗
21. Gradients in composite-materials10.1016/0025-5416(72)90059-6 ↗
22. Gradients in polymeric materials10.1007/BF00549902 ↗
23. Processing techniques for functionally graded materials10.1016/S0921-5093(03)00578-1 ↗
24. Spark plasma sintering of functionally graded material in the Ti–TiB2–B system10.1016/j.msea.2005.02.003 ↗
25. Synthesis and consolidation of titanium diboride10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2006.09.003 ↗
26. Mechanical properties of pressureless sintered boron carbide containing TiB2 phase10.1007/BF00240800 ↗
27. Kim · Adv Ceram Mater · 1988 · 3 · 5210.1111/j.1551-2916.1988.tb00169.x ↗
28. High strength-high toughness B4C–TiB2 composites10.1023/A:1006766910536 ↗
29. Microstructure of hot-pressed B4C–TiB2 thermoelectric composites10.1016/S0925-8388(02)00993-3 ↗
30. High strength B4C–TiB2 composites fabricated by reaction hot-pressing10.1016/S0955-2219(02)00274-1 ↗
31. The effect of Ti and TiO2 additions on the pressureless sintering of B4C10.1007/s11661-999-0230-6 ↗
32. Progress in the fabrication of ultra-high-temperature ceramics: “in situ” synthesis, microstructure and properties of a reactive hot-pressed HfB2–SiC composite10.1016/j.compscitech.2005.04.003 ↗
33. Microstructure and mechanical properties of an HfB2+30 vol.% SiC composite consolidated by spark plasma sintering10.1016/j.matchemphys.2006.02.003 ↗
34. Oxidation of ZrB[sub 2]-based ceramics in dry air10.1149/1.1618226 ↗
35. Processing and characterization of ZrB2-based ultra-high temperature monolithic and fibrous monolithic ceramics10.1023/B:JMSC.0000041691.41116.bf ↗
36. A critical evaluation of indentation techniques for measuring fracture toughness: I, direct crack measurements10.1111/j.1151-2916.1981.tb10320.x ↗
37. Halverson DC. Combustion synthesis of nonoxide ceramic and composite preforms for liquid–metal infiltration. In: Materials science and engineering. Davis: University of California; 1990. p. 259-63.10.2172/6237435 ↗
38. Influence of synthesis temperature on the defect structure of boron carbide: experimental and modeling studies10.1111/j.1551-2916.2005.00245.x ↗
39. Modeling studies of the effect of twins on the X-ray diffraction patterns of boron carbide10.1021/cm049195q ↗
40. Halverson DC, Lum BY, Munir ZA. In: symposium on high-temperature materials-iv at the 172nd meeting of the electrochemical society. Pennington, NJ: Honolulu, HI: Electrochemical Society; 1987.
41. Temperature of the milling balls in shaker and planetary mills10.1007/s10853-006-0312-4 ↗
42. Structure and properties of reaction hot-pressed B4C–TiB2–W2B5 materials10.1016/0022-5088(86)90020-2 ↗
43. Densification, microstructure and mechanical properties of TiB2–B4C based composites10.1016/S0263-4368(96)00012-1 ↗
44. Phase formation during anneal of supersaturated TiB2–CrB2–WB2solid solutions10.1006/jssc.1997.7311 ↗
45. Synthesis of dense, high-defect-concentration B4C through mechanical activation and field-assisted combustion10.1111/j.1551-2916.2004.00779.x ↗
46. Phase equilibria in the ternary system titanium–boron–carbon: the sections TiCy–TiB2 and B4Cy–TiB210.1006/jssc.1997.7429 ↗
47. Udalov YP, Valova EE, Ordan’yan SS. Refractories (translated from Ogneupory). 1995; 36: 233.10.1007/BF02227391 ↗