Measurement of transverse Young's modulus of fibers by angular characteristics of ultrasonic scattering

Angular scattering characteristics of ultrasonic waves depend on the density and sound velocity of a scatterer. The sound velocity of thin fibers is estimated from their angular scattering characteristics, and transverse Young's moduli of fibers are calculated by assuming reasonable values for the density and Poisson's ratio of fibers. The measurements are carried out for fibers made of aluminum, nylon and carbon, and these values are compared with the corresponding values of longitudinal Young's moduli that have been reported previously. Almost the same Young's moduli are obtained for aluminum and nylon fibers but much smaller transverse Young's moduli compared with longitudinal ones are obtained for carbon fibers.