journal article·2014-06

Observations of damage development from compression-after-impact experiments using ex situ micro-focus computed tomography

D.J. Bull, S.M. Spearing, I. Sinclair

Publisher page

Abstract

Abstract The development of damage mechanisms leading up to compression-after-impact (CAI) failure is studied in particle-toughened and untoughened systems. Microfocus computed tomography (μCT) enabled non-destructive monitoring of the internal damage development in three-dimensions (3D) by taking scans after impact, after an application of near failure compression loads and after coupon failure. In combination with μCT work, mechanical CAI testing and ultrasonic C-scans were conducted to determine the effect of the projected damage area on residual CAI strength and to complement the observations made from μCT scans. The important role of the undamaged “cone” of material immediately under the impact site for out-of-plane sublaminate stability is identified. The implication of delamination growth into this region is discussed. It was found that where particle-toughened systems suppressed delamination growth into this region, greater residual CAI strength was maintained on a like-for-like projected damage area.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗

Research context

OpenAlex topics: High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior · Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation · Mechanical Behavior of Composites

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (25)

Show source-provided references
1. Effect of resin and fibre properties on impact and compression after impact performance of CFRP10.1016/S1359-835X(01)00141-5 ↗
2. Damage growth analysis of low velocity impacted composite panels10.1016/S0263-8223(97)00086-X ↗
3. Delamination – a damage mode in composite structures10.1016/0013-7944(88)90181-6 ↗
4. The role of delamination in failure of fibre-reinforced composites
5. Impact damage and residual strengths of woven fabric glass/polyester laminates10.1016/1359-835X(96)00083-8 ↗
6. Compression after impact of thin composite laminates10.1016/j.compscitech.2005.04.009 ↗
7. Improvement of low-velocity impact and compression-after-impact performance by z-fibre pinning10.1016/j.compscitech.2006.02.029 ↗
8. Ishikawa T, Hayashi Y, Matsushima M. Compression after impact (CAI) properties of CF/PEEK (APC-2) and conventional CF-epoxy stiffened panels. In: ICAS proceedings; 1992, vols. 1 and 2, p. 1225–34.
9. Toughened thermosets for damage tolerant carbon-fiber reinforced composites
10. Investigation on the reduction of in-plane compressive strength in thick preconditioned composite panels10.1177/0021998307070590 ↗
11. Failure mechanisms on composite specimens subjected to compression after impact10.1016/S0263-8223(98)00081-6 ↗
12. A new method for evaluating the residual compression strength of composites after impact10.1016/S0263-8223(01)00015-0 ↗
13. Observation of damage growth in compressively loaded laminates10.1007/BF02319260 ↗
14. Compression-after-impact response of woven fiber-reinforced composites10.1016/j.compscitech.2010.08.012 ↗
15. Prediction of the post-impact compressive strength of CFRP laminated composites10.1016/0266-3538(96)00050-4 ↗
16. Experimental-techniques for the investigation of the effects of impact damage on carbon-fiber composites10.1016/0266-3538(95)00097-6 ↗
17. A comparison of multi-scale 3D X-ray tomographic inspection techniques for assessing carbon fibre composite impact damage10.1016/j.compscitech.2012.12.006 ↗
18. The influence of toughening-particles in CFRPs on low velocity impact damage resistance performance10.1016/j.compositesa.2013.11.014 ↗
19. Some experimental findings in compression-after-impact (CAI) tests of CF/PEEK (APC-2) and conventional CF/epoxy flat plates10.1016/0266-3538(95)00079-8 ↗
20. Characterization of fracture modes in stitched and unstitched cross-ply laminates subjected to low-velocity impact and compression after impact loading10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2007.02.009 ↗
21. Delamination buckling: A finite element study with realistic delamination shapes, multiple delaminations and fibre fracture cracks10.1016/j.compositesa.2010.01.019 ↗
22. Three-dimensional assessment of low velocity impact damage in particle toughened composite laminates using micro-focus X-ray computed tomography and synchrotron radiation laminography10.1016/j.compositesa.2013.05.003 ↗
23. Review of z-pinned composite laminates10.1016/j.compositesa.2007.08.016 ↗
24. Buckling of a sublaminate in a quasi-Isotropic composite laminate10.1177/002199838501900101 ↗
25. Buckling and post-buckling behavior of elliptical plates: part I—analysis10.1115/1.2897671 ↗