Homogeneous liquid crystal alignment of spin-coated strontium oxide and its application for superior LCD performance
Source abstract
Abstract
Strontium oxide (SrO) films were fabricated via solution processing and used as a liquid crystal (LC) alignment layer. The effect of the molar concentration of Sr on the properties of these films was analyzed. Some treatment on the alignment surface is generally required to align LC molecules. However, LC molecules aligned spontaneously on SrO films that were fabricated using our solution process; this alignment occurred along the direction of LC injection. Uniform LC alignment was achieved on SrO films with Sr molar concentrations between 0.1 and 0.3 mol; however, randomly aligned LCs were observed at 0.4 mol Sr. In addition, LC cells with excellent electro-optical characteristics were obtained. The threshold voltages and response times of LC cells fabricated by SrO films decreased as the molar concentration of the Sr component increased. We were able to obtain values that are competitive with those demonstrated by conventional rubbed LC cells. It is important to investigate the alignment property and electro-optical property for realization of a suitable LC application. Graphical abstract exhibits the alignment property (upper POM image) and electro-optical property (applied voltage-transmittance graph) of LC cell fabricated by SrO films. LC cell with 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 M shows uniform alignment state. Moreover, voltage-transmittance of LC cells based on SrO film was measured and compared to that of rubbed PI. The results show the possibility of advanced LC applications.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Liquid Crystal Research Advancements · Photonic Crystals and Applications · Photonic and Optical Devices
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (41)
Show source-provided references
1. Miyata H, Kuroda K (1999) Alignment of mesoporous silica on a glass substrate by a rubbing method. Chem Mater 11:1609–161410.1021/cm9900507 ↗
2. Kim YJ, Zhuang Z, Patel JS (2000) Effect of multidirection rubbing on the alignment of nematic liquid crystal. Appl Phys Lett 77:513–51510.1063/1.127028 ↗
3. Wu ST, Efron U (1986) Optical properties of thin nematic liquid crystal cells. Appl Phys Lett 48:624–62610.1063/1.96724 ↗
4. Lu SY, Chien LC (2008) Carbon nanotube doped liquid crystal OCB cells: physical and electro-optical properties. Opt Express 16:12777–1278510.1364/OE.16.012777 ↗
5. Stohr J, Samant MG, Lüning J, Chaudgari P, Doyle JP, Lacey JA, Lien SA, Purushothaman S, Speidell JL (2001) Liquid crystal alignment on carbonaceous surfaces with orientational order. Science 292:2299–230210.1126/science.1059866 ↗
6. Kim JH, Yoneya M, Yokoyama H (2002) Tristable nematic liquid-crystal device using micropatterned surface alignment. Nature 420:159–16210.1038/nature01163 ↗
7. Lee W-K, Choi Y, Kang Y-G, Sung J, Seo D-S, Park C (2011) Super-fast switching of twisted nematic liquid crystals on 2D single wall carbon nanotube networks. Adv Funct Mater 21:3843–385010.1002/adfm.201101345 ↗
8. Kim J-Y, Oh B-Y, Kim B-Y, Kim Y-H, Han J-W, Han J-M, Seo D-S (2008) Compositional investigation of liquid crystal alignment on tantalum oxide via ion beam irradiation. Appl Phys Lett 92:04350510.1063/1.2838312 ↗
9. Shannon PJ, Gibbons WM, Sun ST (1994) Patterned optical properties in photopolymerized surface-aligned liquid-crystal films. Nature 368:532–53310.1038/368532a0 ↗
10. Ichimura K (2000) Photoalignment of liquid-crystal systems. Chem Rev 100:1847–187410.1021/cr980079e ↗
11. Schadt M, Seiberle H, Schuster A (1996) Optical patterning of multi-domain liquid-crystal displays with wide viewing angles. Nature 381:212–21510.1038/381212a0 ↗
12. Park H-G, Lee J-J, Dong K-Y, Oh B-Y, Kim Y-H, Jeong H-Y, Ju B-K, Seo D-S (2011) Homeotropic alignment of liquid crystals on a nano-patterned polyimide surface using nanoimprint lithography. Soft Matter 7:5610–561410.1039/c1sm05083d ↗
13. Chiu CH, Kuo HL, Chen PC, Wen CH, Liu YC, Chen HMP (2006) Nanoimprinting-lithography-induced self-aligned liquid crystals for novel multifunctional optical films. Appl Phys Lett 88:07350910.1063/1.2173222 ↗
14. Janning JL (1972) Thin film surface orientation for liquid crystals. Appl Phys Lett 21:173–17410.1063/1.1654331 ↗
15. Lu M (2004) Liquid crystal orientation induced by van der Waals interaction. Jpn J Appl Phys 43:8156–816010.1143/JJAP.43.8156 ↗
16. Oh B-Y, Lee W-K, Kim Y-H, Seo D-S (2009) Zinc oxide nano level surface transformation for liquid crystal orientation by ion bombardment. J Appl Phys 105:05450610.1063/1.3080159 ↗
17. Jeong H-C, Park H-G, Lee J, Jung Y, Jang S, Seo D-S (2015) Homogeneous self-aligned liquid crystals on wrinkled-wall poly(dimethylsiloxane) via localised ion-beam irradiation. Sci. Rep. 5:864110.1038/srep08641 ↗
18. Park H-G, Jeong H-C, Han J-J, Kim SY, Kim J-H, Kim D-H, Seo D-S (2014) Spontaneous liquid crystal alignment on solution-derived nanocrystalline tin-oxide films. J Mater Chem C 2:3960–396410.1039/C4TC00303A ↗
19. Sato Y, Jeanioz R, Geophys J (1981) Phase transition in SrO. J Geophys Res 86:1177310.1029/JB086iB12p11773 ↗
20. Zhang H, Bukowinski MST (1991) Modified potential-induced-breathing model of potentials between close-shell ions. Phys Rev B 44:2495–250310.1103/PhysRevB.44.2495 ↗
21. Zupan A, Petek I, Causa M, Dovesi R (1993) Elastic constants, phase transition, and electronic structure of strontium oxide SrO: an ab initio Hartree-Fock study. Phys Rev B 48:799–80610.1103/PhysRevB.48.799 ↗
22. Chang ZP, Graham EK (1977) Elastic properties of oxides in the NaCl-structure. J Phys Chem Solids 38:1355–136210.1016/0022-3697(77)90007-5 ↗
23. Son PR, Bartels RA (1972) CaO and SrO single crystal elastic constants and their pressure derivatives. J Phys Chem Solids 33:819–82810.1016/S0022-3697(72)80098-2 ↗
24. Bartels RA, Vetter VH (1972) The temperature dependence of the elastic constants of CaO and SrO. J Phys Chem Solids 33:1991–199210.1016/S0022-3697(72)80498-0 ↗
25. Taurian OE, Springborg M, Christensen NE (1985) Self-consistent electronic structures of MgO and SrO. Solid State Commun 55:351–35510.1016/0038-1098(85)90622-2 ↗
26. von Barth U, Hedin L (1972) A local exchange-correlation potential for the spin polarized case. I. J Phys C 5:1629–164210.1088/0022-3719/5/13/012 ↗
27. Pandey R, JafFe JE, Kunz AB (1991) Ab initio band-structure calculations for alkaline-earth oxides and sulfides. Phys Rev B 43:9228–923710.1103/PhysRevB.43.9228 ↗
28. Rooksby HP et al (1955) Changes in the structure of oxide cathodes at high temperatures. Br J Appl Phys 6:272–27610.1088/0508-3443/6/8/302 ↗
29. Jin F, Liu Y, Day CM (2006) Thermionic emission from carbon nanotubes with a thin layer of low work function barium strontium oxide surface coating. Appl Phys Lett 88:16311610.1063/1.2198093 ↗
30. Seki T, Akustsu K, Hattori H (2001) Calcium oxide and strontium oxide as environmentally benign and highly efficient heterogeneous catalysts for the Tishchenko reaction of furfural. Chem Commun 2001:1000–100110.1039/b102389f ↗
31. Deb S, Nicholson JW (1999) The effect of strontium oxide in glass-ionomer cements. J Mater Sci Mater Med 10:471–47410.1023/A:1008944924726 ↗
32. Jacobson JL, Nixon ER (1968) Infrared dielectric response and lattice vibrations of calcium and strontium oxides. J Phys Chem Solids 29:967–97610.1016/0022-3697(68)90233-3 ↗
33. Park HG, Kim YH, Oh BY, Lee WK, Kim BY, Seo DS, Hwang J (2008) Vertically aligned liquid crystals on a γ-Al2O3 alignment film using ion-beam irradiation. Appl Phys Lett 93:23350710.1063/1.3046728 ↗
34. Park HG, Jeong HC, Han JJ, Kim SY, Kim JH, Kim DH, Seo DS (2014) Spontaneous liquid crystal alignment on spin-coating nanocrystalline tin-oxide films. J. Mater. Chem. C 2:3960–396410.1039/c4tc00303a ↗
35. Birecki H, Kahn FJ (1980) The physics and chemistry and liquid crystal devices. Plenum, New York
36. Ishihara S, Wakemoto H, Nakazima K, Matsuo Y (1989) The effect of rubbed polymer films on the liquid crystal alignment. Liq Cryst 4:669–67510.1080/02678298908033202 ↗
37. Feller M, Chen W, Shen Y (1991) Investigation of surface-induced alignment of liquid-crystal molecules by optical second-harmonic generation. Phys Rev B 43:6778–679210.1103/PhysRevA.43.6778 ↗
38. Kang S-J et al (2008) Effect of rubbed polyimide layer on the field-effect mobility in pentacene thin-film transistors. Appl Phys Lett 92:05210710.1063/1.2830694 ↗
39. Zheng W, Lu C-H, Ye Y-C (2008) Effects of mechanical rubbing on surface tension of polyimide thin films. Jpn J Appl Phys 47:1651–165610.1143/JJAP.47.1651 ↗
40. Young V, Otagawa T (1985) XPS studies on strontium compounds. Appl Surf Sci 20:228–24810.1016/0378-5963(85)90083-2 ↗
41. Verhulsta AGH, Cnossena G (1996) Active-matrix deformed-helix ferroelectric liquid crystal displays. Ferroelectrics 179:141–15210.1080/00150199608007881 ↗