A novel approach to low-temperature gas sensing using sol-gel spin-coated (NiO:ZnO:SnO2) thin films for NO2, H2S, and NH3 detection
Bibliographic record
Abstract
No abstract is available for this record. The assistant can identify its topic from the title, but cannot infer the study’s results.
Source: Not provided · Quality: missing
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors · Analytical Chemistry and Sensors · Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (100+)
Show source-provided references
1. Wu E, Xie Y, Yuan B, Zhang H, Hu X, Liu J, Zhang DJAS (2018) Ultrasensitive and fully reversible NO2 gas sensing based on p-type MoTe2 under ultraviolet illumination. ACS Sensors 3(9):1719–1726.10.1021/acssensors.8b00461 ↗
2. Park J, Chaulagain D, Same NN, Yakub AO, Lim JO, Roh JW, Huh JS (2025) Formaldehyde gas response and selectivity of ZnO-SnO2 gas sensors. Sens Actuators B: Chem 425:136958.10.1016/j.snb.2024.136958 ↗
3. Agrawal AV, Kumar R, Venkatesan S, Zakhidov A, Yang G, Bao J, Kumar M, Kumar M (2018) Photoactivated mixed in-plane and edge-enriched p-type MoS2 flake-based NO2 sensor working at room temperature. ACS Sens 3(5):998–1004.10.1021/acssensors.8b00146 ↗
4. Zeng J, Xu Y, Yu J, Zhang X, Zhang X, Jin H, Jin Q, Shen W, Zou J, Deng S (2019) Compact Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Based Total NO x Sensor with a Dual Functional Co3O4/NiO Sensing Electrode. ACS Sens 4(8):2150–2155.10.1021/acssensors.9b00981 ↗
5. Patil S, Vanalakar S, Dhodamani A, Deshmukh S, Patil V, Patil P, Delekar S (2018) NH 3 gas sensing performance of ternary TiO 2/SnO 2/WO 3 hybrid nanostructures prepared by ultrasonic-assisted sol–gel method. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 29:11830–11839.
6. Khambalkar V, Birajdar S, Adhyapak P, Kulkarni S (2019) Nanocomposite of polypyrrol and silica rods-gold nanoparticles core–shell as an ammonia sensor. Nanotechnology 30(10):105501.10.1088/1361-6528/aaf83d ↗
7. Dey A (2018) Semiconductor metal oxide gas sensors: A review. Mater Sci Eng: B 229:206–217.10.1016/j.mseb.2017.12.036 ↗
8. Li Z, Li H, Wu Z, Wang M, Luo J, Torun H, Hu P, Yang C, Grundmann M, Liu X (2019) Advances in designs and mechanisms of semiconducting metal oxide nanostructures for high-precision gas sensors operated at room temperature. Mater Horiz 6(3):470–506.10.1039/C8MH01365A ↗
9. Shi Y, Xu H, Liu T, Zeb S, Nie Y, Zhao Y, Qin C, Jiang X (2021) Advanced development of metal oxide nanomaterials for H 2 gas sensing applications. Mater Adv 2(5):1530–1569.10.1039/D0MA00880J ↗
10. Zhu Z, Lin S-J, Wu C-H, Wu R-J (2018) Synthesis of TiO2 nanowires for rapid NO2 detection. Sens Actuators A: Phys 272:288–294.10.1016/j.sna.2018.02.006 ↗
11. Pravarthana D, Tyagi A, Jagadale T, Prellier W, Aswal D (2021) Highly sensitive and selective H2S gas sensor based on TiO2 thin films. Appl Surf Sci 549:149281.10.1016/j.apsusc.2021.149281 ↗
12. Shooshtari M, Salehi A (2021) Ammonia room-temperature gas sensor using different TiO2 nanostructures. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 32(13):17371–17381.
13. Shendage S, Patil V, Vanalakar S, Patil S, Harale N, Bhosale J, Kim J, Patil P (2017) Sensitive and selective NO2 gas sensor based on WO3 nanoplates. Sens Actuators B: Chem 240:426–433.10.1016/j.snb.2016.08.177 ↗
14. Poongodi S, Kumar PS, Mangalaraj D, Ponpandian N, Meena P, Masuda Y, Lee C (2017) Electrodeposition of WO3 nanostructured thin films for electrochromic and H2S gas sensor applications. J Alloy Compd 719:71–81.10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.05.122 ↗
15. Fahad OA, Mohammed AS (2021) Thin films of tungsten oxide based on NH3 and NO2 gas sensors. Mater Today: Proc 42:2405–2409.
16. Patil VL, Vanalakar SA, Patil PS, Kim JH (2017) Fabrication of nanostructured ZnO thin films based NO2 gas sensor via SILAR technique. Sens Actuators B: Chem 239:1185–1193.10.1016/j.snb.2016.08.130 ↗
17. Hosseini Z, Mortezaali A (2015) Room temperature H2S gas sensor based on rather aligned ZnO nanorods with flower-like structures. Sens Actuators B: Chem 207:865–871.10.1016/j.snb.2014.10.085 ↗
18. Kathwate L, Umadevi G, Kulal P, Nagaraju P, Dubal D, Nanjundan A, Mote V (2020) Ammonia gas sensing properties of Al doped ZnO thin films. Sens Actuators A: Phys 313:112193.10.1016/j.sna.2020.112193 ↗
19. Hyodo T, Urata K, Kamada K, Ueda T, Shimizu Y (2017) Semiconductor-type SnO2-based NO2 sensors operated at room temperature under UV-light irradiation. Sens Actuators B: Chem 253:630–640.10.1016/j.snb.2017.06.155 ↗
20. Phuoc PH, Hung CM, Van Toan N, Van Duy N, Hoa ND, Van Hieu N (2020) One-step fabrication of SnO2 porous nanofiber gas sensors for sub-ppm H2S detection. Sens Actuators A: Phys 303:111722.10.1016/j.sna.2019.111722 ↗
21. Hamza HA, Jaafer NA (2021) Effect of heat treatment on the characteristics and NH3 Sensing properties of Tin Dioxide SnO2 Thin Film. in Journal of Physics: Conference Series. IOP Publishing.
22. Berwal P, Rani S, Sihag S, Singh P, Bulla M, Jatrana A, Kumar A, Kumar A, Kumar V (2024) Fabrication of NiO based thin film for high-performance NO2 gas sensors at low concentrations. Phys B: Condens Matter 685:416023.10.1016/j.physb.2024.416023 ↗
23. Ganapathi SK, Kaur M, Singh R, Singh VI, Debnath A, Muthe K, Gadkari S (2019) Anomalous sensing response of NiO nanoparticulate films toward H2S. ACS Appl Nano Mater 2(10):6726–6737.10.1021/acsanm.9b01637 ↗
24. Hu Q, Wang Z, Chang J, Wan P, Huang J, Feng L (2021) Design and preparation of hollow NiO sphere-polyaniline composite for NH3 gas sensing at room temperature. Sens Actuators B: Chem 344:130179.10.1016/j.snb.2021.130179 ↗
25. Mohanta D, Ahmaruzzaman M (2021) Novel Ag-SnO2-βC3N4 ternary nanocomposite based gas sensor for enhanced low-concentration NO2 sensing at room temperature. Sens Actuators B: Chem 326:128910.10.1016/j.snb.2020.128910 ↗
26. Zhong Y, Li W, Zhao X, Jiang X, Lin S, Zhen Z, Chen W, Xie D, Zhu H (2019) High-response room-temperature NO2 sensor and ultrafast humidity sensor based on SnO2 with rich oxygen vacancy. ACS Appl Mater interfaces 11(14):13441–13449.10.1021/acsami.9b01737 ↗
27. Walker JM, Akbar SA, Morris PA (2019) Synergistic effects in gas sensing semiconducting oxide nano-heterostructures: A review. Sens Actuators B: Chem 286:624–640.10.1016/j.snb.2019.01.049 ↗
28. Sun J, Sun L, Han N, Pan J, Liu W, Bai S, Feng Y, Luo R, Li D, Chen A (2019) Ordered mesoporous WO3/ZnO nanocomposites with isotype heterojunctions for sensitive detection of NO2. Sens Actuators B: Chem 285:68–75.10.1016/j.snb.2018.12.089 ↗
29. Dien ND, Do Duc Tho VXH, Vuong DD, Chien ND (2016) ZnO Microrods surface-decorated by WO3 nanorods for enhancing NH3 gas sensing performance. J Sci Technol 54(1A):151–159.
30. Lee I, Choi S-J, Park K-M, Lee SS, Choi S, Kim I-D, Park C (2014) The stability, sensitivity and response transients of ZnO, SnO2 and WO3 sensors under acetone, toluene and H2S environments. Sens Actuators B: Chem 197:300–307.10.1016/j.snb.2014.02.043 ↗
31. Naderi H, Hajati S, Ghaedi M, Espinos J (2019) Highly selective few-ppm NO gas-sensing based on necklace-like nanofibers of ZnO/CdO nn type I heterojunction. Sens Actuators B: Chem 297:126774.10.1016/j.snb.2019.126774 ↗
32. Sharma A, Potdar S, Pakhare K, Patil U, Patil V, Naik M (2020) Nanostructured CdO–ZnO composite thin films for sensing application. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 31:20932–20944.
33. Amudhavalli B, Mariappan R, Prasath M (2024) Comparative analysis of highly sensitive ammonia gas sensors based on ZnO, CdO, and CdZnO thin films. J Electron Mater 53(1):535–546.10.1007/s11664-023-10800-4 ↗
34. Labena A (2021) Novel, low cost and fast detection sensor for biogenic H2S gas based on polyaniline/ZnO, CdO and CeO2 nanocomposites at room temperature. Egypt J Chem 64(6):3093–3104.
35. Zou Y, Xie Y, Yu S, Chen L, Cui W, Dong F, Zhou Y (2019) SnO2 quantum dots anchored on g-C3N4 for enhanced visible-light photocatalytic removal of NO and toxic NO2 inhibition. Appl Surf Sci 496:143630.10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.143630 ↗
36. Zeng W, Liu Y, Mei J, Tang C, Luo K, Li S, Zhan H, He Z (2019) Hierarchical SnO2–Sn3O4 heterostructural gas sensor with high sensitivity and selectivity to NO2. Sens Actuators B: Chem 301:127010.10.1016/j.snb.2019.127010 ↗
37. Yang X-Y, Shi Y-T, Xie K-F, Wang J-Y, Wang Y-F, Zheng Y, Fang S-M, Zhang Y-H (2023) Engineering of in-plane SnO2-Sn3O4 hierarchical nanoflower heterojunctions for enhanced formaldehyde sensing. Appl Surf Sci 614:156110.10.1016/j.apsusc.2022.156110 ↗
38. Bai S, Fu H, Zhao Y, Tian K, Luo R, Li D, Chen A (2018) On the construction of hollow nanofibers of ZnO-SnO2 heterojunctions to enhance the NO2 sensing properties. Sens Actuators B: Chem 266:692–702.10.1016/j.snb.2018.03.055 ↗
39. Boomashri M, Perumal P, Khan A, El-Toni AM, Ansari AA, Gupta RK, Murahari P, Kumar KDA (2021) Zinc influence on nanostructured tin oxide (SnO2) films as ammonia sensor at room temperature. Surf Interfaces 25:101195.10.1016/j.surfin.2021.101195 ↗
40. Dabbabi S, Nasr TB, Madouri A, Cavanna A, Garcia‐Loureiro A, Kamoun N (2019) Fabrication and characterization of sensitive room temperature NO2 gas sensor based on ZnSnO3 thin film. Phys status solidi (a) 216(16):1900205.10.1002/pssa.201900205 ↗
41. Usha P, Ramesh S, Jayamurugan P, Mariappan R (2024) Temperature dependence and potential of nebulizer spray pyrolysis on zinc stannate (ZnSnO3) thin films for ammonia gas sensors. Sens Imaging 25(1):18.10.1007/s11220-024-00468-3 ↗
42. Wang Z, Miao J, Zhang H, Wang D, Sun J (2020) Hollow cubic ZnSnO3 with abundant oxygen vacancies for H2S gas sensing. J Hazard Mater 391:122226.10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122226 ↗
43. Sun C, Shao J, Wang Z, Liu H, Li Z, Zhang H, Bai T, Sun Y, Guo L, Pan GJS, AB Chemical, CuO-sensitized amorphous ZnSnO3 hollow-rounded cubes for highly sensitive and selective H2S gas sensors. 2022. 362: 131799.10.1016/j.snb.2022.131799 ↗
44. Cynthia S, Sivakumar R, Sanjeeviraja CJO, Ternary CuO: SnO2: ZnO (1: 1: 1) composite thin film for room temperature gas sensor application. 2021. 234: 166615.10.1016/j.ijleo.2021.166615 ↗
45. Ao D, Li Z, Fu Y, Tang Y, Yan S, Zu X (2019) Heterostructured NiO/ZnO nanorod arrays with significantly enhanced H2S sensing performance. Nanomaterials 9(6):900.10.3390/nano9060900 ↗
46. Zhou W-D, Dastan D, Li J, Yin X-T, Wang Q (2020) Discriminable sensing response behavior to homogeneous gases based on n-ZnO/p-NiO composites. Nanomaterials 10(4):785.10.3390/nano10040785 ↗
47. Din SU, Haq MU, Sajid M, Khatoon R, Chen X, Li L, Zhang M, Zhu L (2020) Development of high-performance sensor based on NiO/SnO2 heterostructures to study sensing properties towards various reducing gases. Nanotechnology 31(39):395502.10.1088/1361-6528/ab98bb ↗
48. Stanoiu A, Kuncser AC, Ghica D, Florea OG, Somacescu S, Simion CE (2021) Sensing properties of NiO loaded SnO2 nanoparticles—specific selectivity to H2S. Chemosensors 9(6):125.10.3390/chemosensors9060125 ↗
49. Zhang L, He J, Jiao W (2019) Synthesis and gas sensing performance of NiO decorated SnO2 vertical-standing nanotubes composite thin films. Sens Actuators B: Chem 281:326–334.10.1016/j.snb.2018.10.121 ↗
50. Ates T, Tatar C, Yakuphanoglu F (2013) Preparation of semiconductor ZnO powders by sol–gel method: Humidity sensors. Sens Actuators A: Phys 190:153–160. p.10.1016/j.sna.2012.11.031 ↗
51. Mezher SJ, Hassan ES, Hassan MAM, Ameer FS (2017) Impact of the thickness of Nickel oxide film for nitrogen dioxide gas sensing applications. Kurdistan J Appl Res 341−347.10.24017/science.2017.3.56 ↗
52. Patil PG, Kajale D, Patil V, Patil G, Jain G (2012) Synthesis of nanostructured ZrO2 for gas sensing application. Int J Smart Sens Intell Syst 5:673–684.
53. Ahemad HI, Patil GE, Aher YB, Malik MS, Sonawane LD, More MA, Mandawade AS, Patil DY, Shinde SD, Jain GH (2025) Synthesis and characterization of CeO2 nanoparticles using Plectranthus barbatus leaf extract and its CO gas sensing and antimicrobial activity. Mater Lett 379:137652.10.1016/j.matlet.2024.137652 ↗
54. More MA, More SA, Femi MD, Jain GH, Shinde SD, Patil DY, Kajale DD, Patil GE (2024) Hydrothermally synthesized nanostructured NiTiO3 thick films for H2S and room temperature CO2 gas sensing. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 35(26):1706.
55. Matthew D, Jain G, Nkele A, Shinde S, Azeez A, More MA, Ahmed HI, Aher Y, Sonawane L, Alshoaibi A (2024) Investigating the properties of GO/(Zn x Ni1− x) O composites prepared by Sol–gel route for photocatalytic and gas sensing applications. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 35(22):1536.
56. Ahire, D, G Patil, G Jain, and V Gaikwad. Synthesis of nanostructured NiO by hydrothermal route and its gas sensing properties. in 2012 Sixth International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST). 2012. IEEE.10.1109/ICSensT.2012.6461656 ↗
57. Mohammed, KS, JMM Al-Zanganawee, and AA Kamil. An investigation of (Co+ Zn) co-doping effect on certain physical features of nano-structured (CdO) thin films deposited by sol-gel spin coating technique. in AIP Conference Proceedings. 2023. AIP Publishing.10.1063/5.0103913 ↗
58. Lamdhade G, Raghuwanshi F, Agrawal R, Balkhande V, Shripath T (2015) SnO2 nanoparticles synthesis via liquid-phase co-precipitation technique. Adv Mater Lett 6:738–742.10.5185/amlett.2015.5877 ↗
59. Chen S, Sun Z, Zhang L, Xie H (2020) Photodegradation of gas phase benzene by SnO2 nanoparticles by direct hole oxidation mechanism. Catalysts 10(1):117.10.3390/catal10010117 ↗
60. Redolfi-Bristol D, Branzi L, Back M, Riello P, Speghini A, Pinna N, Benedetti A (2022) ZnSnO3 or Zn2SnO4/SnO2 Hierarchical Material? Insight into the Formation of ZnSn (OH) 6 Derived Oxides. Inorganics 10(11):183.10.3390/inorganics10110183 ↗
61. Guo W (2016) Hollow and porous ZnSnO3 gas sensor for ethanol gas detection. J Electrochem Soc 163(5):B131.10.1149/2.0281605jes ↗
62. Disha SA, Hossain MS, Habib ML, Ahmed S (2024) Calculation of crystallite sizes of pure and metals doped hydroxyapatite engaging Scherrer method, Halder-Wagner method, Williamson-Hall model, and size-strain plot. Results Mater 21:100496.10.1016/j.rinma.2023.100496 ↗
63. Hossain MS, Uddin MN, Jahan SA, Ahmed S (2023) Synthesis and characterization of nano crystallite plaster of Paris prepared from waste eggshells and exploration of cytotoxicity, hemolysis and antimicrobial properties. J Mater Chem B 11(5):1057–1067.10.1039/D2TB02392J ↗
64. Chen Y, Liu X, Wang T, Zhao Y (2021) Highly stable inorganic lead halide perovskite toward efficient photovoltaics. Acc Chem Res 54(17):3452–3461.10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00343 ↗
65. Zhou Z, Chen D, Dong S, Li N, Xu Q, Li H, He J, Lu J (2022) Enhancing the photodegradation property of NO through the construction of a SrTiO3/GQDs/NH2-UiO-66 heterojunction. Ind Eng Chem Res 61(10):3550–3560.10.1021/acs.iecr.1c04894 ↗
66. Zhou X, Xue Z, Chen X, Huang C, Bai W, Lu Z, Wang T (2020) Nanomaterial-based gas sensors used for breath diagnosis. J Mater Chem B 8(16):3231–3248.10.1039/C9TB02518A ↗
67. Zheng X, Li Y, You W, Lei G, Cao Y, Zhang Y, Jiang L (2022) Construction of Fe-doped TiO2− x ultrathin nanosheets with rich oxygen vacancies for highly efficient oxidation of H2S. Chem Eng J 430:132917.10.1016/j.cej.2021.132917 ↗
68. Kamil AA, Bakr NA, Mubarak T, Al-Zanganawee J (2022) Effect of Au and Ag nanoparticles addition on the morphological, structural and optical properties of ZnO thin films deposited by sol-gel method. J Ovonic Res 18(3):431–442.10.15251/JOR.2022.183.431 ↗
69. Stokes A, Wilson A (1944) The diffraction of X rays by distorted crystal aggregates-I. Proc Phys Soc 56(3):174.10.1088/0959-5309/56/3/303 ↗
70. Monshi A, Foroughi MR, Monshi MR (2012) Modified Scherrer equation to estimate more accurately nano-crystallite size using XRD. World J Nano Sci Eng 2(3):154–160.10.4236/wjnse.2012.23020 ↗
71. Nath D, Singh F, Das R (2020) X-ray diffraction analysis by Williamson-Hall, Halder-Wagner and size-strain plot methods of CdSe nanoparticles-a comparative study. Mater Chem Phys 239:122021.10.1016/j.matchemphys.2019.122021 ↗
72. Chellab RM, Harbbi KH (2019) The correction of the line profiles for x-ray diffraction peaks by using three analysis methods. in AIP Conference Proceedings. AIP Publishing.10.1063/1.5116971 ↗
73. Alasvand A, Kafashan H (2020) Investigation the effect of Pb incorporation on the surface characterizations of electrodeposited CdSe nanostructures. J Alloy Compd 817:152711.10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.152711 ↗
74. Akl AA, Mahmoud SA, Al-Shomar S, Hassanien A (2018) Improving microstructural properties and minimizing crystal imperfections of nanocrystalline Cu2O thin films of different solution molarities for solar cell applications. Mater Sci Semiconductor Process 74:183–192.10.1016/j.mssp.2017.10.007 ↗
75. Gürakar S, Serin T (2019) Comprehensive structural analysis and electrical properties of (Cu, Al and In)-doped SnO2 thin films. Mater Sci Eng: B 251:114445.10.1016/j.mseb.2019.114445 ↗
76. Jahil SS, Mohammed IA, Khazaal AR, Jasim KA, Harbbi KH (2022) Application the Halder–Wagner to calculation crystal size and micro strain by X-ray diffraction peaks analysis. NeuroQuantology 20(1):199–204.10.14704/nq.2022.20.1.NQ22074 ↗
77. Yadav S, Singh M, Verma D, Jaiswar GJANTES (2017) X-ray diffraction study of the effects of dopant on the lattice strain of zinc oxide nanoparticles. 1: 73-89.
78. Chaskar M, Kadam V, Jagtap C, Naik N, Pathan H, Adhyapak P (2024) Enhancement of photovoltaic performance of dye-sensitized solar cells using hierarchical zinc oxide/tin oxide (ZnO/SnO2) nanocomposites synthesized via hydrothermal method. ES Energy Environ 26:1250. p.
79. El Desouky FG, Saadeldin M, Eisa WH (2023) Synergistic influence of SnFe2O4 on ZnSnO3 hybrid nanostructures and optimizations optical, photoluminescence, and magnetic properties for multifunction application. Surf Interfaces 38:102749. p.10.1016/j.surfin.2023.102749 ↗
80. Uddin MT, Nicolas Y, Olivier C, Toupance T, Servant L, Muller MM, Kleebe H-J, Ziegler J, Jaegermann W (2012) Nanostructured SnO2–ZnO heterojunction photocatalysts showing enhanced photocatalytic activity for the degradation of organic dyes. Inorg Chem 51(14):7764–7773.10.1021/ic300794j ↗
81. Chen S, Liu F, Xu M, Yan J, Zhang F, Zhao W, Zhang Z, Deng Z, Yun J, Chen R (2019) First-principles calculations and experimental investigation on SnO2@ ZnO heterojunction photocatalyst with enhanced photocatalytic performance. J Colloid Interface Sci 553:613–621.10.1016/j.jcis.2019.06.053 ↗
82. Sakamoto K, Hayashi F, Sato K, Hirano M, Ohtsu N (2020) XPS spectral analysis for a multiple oxide comprising NiO, TiO2, and NiTiO3. Appl Surf Sci 526:146729.10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.146729 ↗
83. Bagus PS, Nelin CJ, Brundle CR, Crist BV, Ilton ES, Lahiri N, Rosso KM (2022) Main and satellite features in the Ni 2p XPS of NiO. Inorg Chem 61(45):18077–18094.10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02549 ↗
84. El Desouky FG, Moussa I, Obaida M (2024) UV photo-sensing performance of NiSnO3 thin films deposited by pulsed spray pyrolysis technique. Indian J Phys 98(12):4125–4137.10.1007/s12648-024-03124-4 ↗
85. Mrabet C, Amor MB, Boukhachem A, Amlouk M, Manoubi T (2016) Physical properties of La-doped NiO sprayed thin films for optoelectronic and sensor applications. Ceram Int 42(5):5963–5978.10.1016/j.ceramint.2015.12.144 ↗
86. Li X, Wang C (2012) Significantly increased cycling performance of novel “self-matrix” NiSnO 3 anode in lithium ion battery application. Rsc Adv 2(15):6150–6154.10.1039/c2ra20527k ↗
87. Patil P, Kawar R, Seth T, Amalnerkar D, Chigare P (2003) Effect of substrate temperature on structural, electrical and optical properties of sprayed tin oxide (SnO2) thin films. Ceram Int 29(7):725–734.10.1016/S0272-8842(02)00224-9 ↗
88. Šćepanović M, Grujić‐Brojčin M, Vojisavljević K, Bernik S, Srećković T (2010) Raman study of structural disorder in ZnO nanopowders. J Raman Spectrosc 41(9):914–921.10.1002/jrs.2546 ↗
89. Shrivastava R, Singh K (2020) Interlaminar fracture toughness characterization of laminated composites: a review. Polym Rev 60(3):542–593.10.1080/15583724.2019.1677708 ↗
90. Nadargi DY, Umar A, Nadargi JD, Lokare SA, Akbar S, Mulla IS, Suryavanshi SS, Bhandari NL, Chaskar MG (2023) Gas sensors and factors influencing sensing mechanism with a special focus on MOS sensors. J Mater Sci 58(2):559–582.10.1007/s10853-022-08072-0 ↗
91. 박서연, Chemoresistive gas sensing properties of functionalized two-dimensional materials. 2020, 서울대학교 대학원.
92. Jiang F, Li H, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Zhang X (2018) Localization and discrimination of the perturbation signals in fiber distributed acoustic sensing systems using spatial average kurtosis. Sensors 18(9):2839.10.3390/s18092839 ↗
93. Treebupachatsakul T, Shinnakerdchoke S, Pechprasarn S (2021) Analysis of effects of surface roughness on sensing performance of surface plasmon resonance detection for refractive index sensing application. Sensors 21(18):6164.10.3390/s21186164 ↗
94. Bučinskas V, Dzedzickis A, Šutinys E, Lenkutis T (2017) Implementation of different gas influence for operation of modified atomic force microscope sensor. Solid State Phenom 260:99–104.10.4028/www.scientific.net/SSP.260.99 ↗
95. Rajkumar D, Umamahesvari H, Nagaraju P (2024) Synthesis and characterization of anatase phase TiO2 thin films for formaldehyde detection. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 35(1):32.
96. Nikolic MV, Milovanovic V, Vasiljevic ZZ, Stamenkovic Z (2020) Semiconductor gas sensors: Materials, technology, design, and application. Sensors 20(22):6694.10.3390/s20226694 ↗
97. Sun Y-F, Liu S-B, Meng F-L, Liu J-Y, Jin Z, Kong L-T, Liu J-H (2012) Metal oxide nanostructures and their gas sensing properties: a review. Sensors 12(3):2610–2631.10.3390/s120302610 ↗
98. Al-Gburi Dr MOS, Habi GJ, Hentawe NJ (2020) Effect of mixing ratio of (SnO2) 1-x (In2O3) x thin film on gas sensitivity. Karbala. Int J Mod Sci 6(1):12.
99. Rezaei M, Nezamzadeh-Ejhieha A (2020) The ZnO-NiO nano-composite: a brief characterization, kinetic and thermodynamic study and study the Arrhenius model on the sulfasalazine photodegradation. Int J Hydrog Energy 45(46):24749–24764.10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.06.258 ↗
100. Meena D, Verma VK, Rana S (2022) Investigation the effect of Zn doping on structural and optical properties of SnO2. Mater Today: Proc 51:554–560.