State-of-the-art study on pineapple, coir, and banana fiber-reinforced composites: Mechanical, thermal, and durability performance

Using pineapple fiber, coir fiber, and banana fiber as a polymer reinforcement to develop sustainable composites reduces environmental pollution. This review emphasized the progress in development of composite materials based on pineapple fiber, coir fiber, and banana fiber and critically examined the influence of fiber loading and fiber size, fiber modification, micro and nanofillers, and hybridization on the properties of composite materials fabricated with several polymer matrices. This review has been specifically categorized according to the type of matrix materials used, which include conventional polymers, bio degradable polymers, and recycled polymers. The mechanical performance of hybrid composites based on pineapple fiber, coir fiber, and banana fiber fabricated with other natural and synthetic fiber composites was better than the individual fiber. Incorporation of filler materials such as alumina, SiC, nanoclay, eggshell powder, and nano-cellulose provided a significant enhancement in mechanical properties of composites. Alkaline and silane treatment of fiber is the most commonly used treatment method, and this treatment significantly enhances mechanical, thermal, and water resistance properties of composites. Life cycle assessment analysis and long-term durability analysis of composites, optimization of fiber treatment parameters for better performance of composites, and 3D printer filament development based on nano-cellulose extracted from banana, coir, and pineapple are future directions for developing sustainable materials.