Physical and Mechanical Properties of a Highly Filled Old Corrugated Container (OCC) Fiber/Polyethylene Composite

Physical and mechanical properties of a new composite of 70% (by weight) old corrugated container recycled fibers, 27% high-density polyethylene, and 3% compatibilizer (maleic anhydride polyethylene) were evaluated with a focus on dimensional stability. Maximum water absorption, thickness swelling, width swelling, and length swelling were 25, 14, 5, and 1.5%, repectively. Relationships between water absorption and dimensional swelling were established using nonlinear curve fitting and statistically significant relationships were obtained. Swelling rate constants were determined for the 3D swelling behavior of the composite material using a previously published model which showed decrease in swelling rate in width and length directions. In all directions, the swelling model satisfactorily predicted the swelling behavior. Mechanical properties of the composite material were evaluated prior to and after exposure to simulated freeze—thaw cycling and it was concluded that the cycling was ineffective on mechanical performance.