Strengthening effects from Mg and Ni in Al-mischmetal eutectic alloys: Insights from microstructures and Bayesian analysis
Source abstract
Abstract
This study investigates, both experimentally and via machine-learning modeling, the strengthening mechanisms and effects of Mg and Ni additions to Al-MM (mischmetal, a sustainable Ce+La+Nd mixture to replace Ce) alloys, aiming to develop creep- and coarsening-resistant Al-MM-Mg-Ni alloys with a focus on twin eutectic co-solidification microstructures. Based on near-eutectic Al-9MM (wt%) alloy, the Mg and Ni additions introduce solid-solution and eutectic strengthening, respectively. Ternary hypo-eutectic Al-9MM-0.25/0.5/0.75Mg variants improve hardness up to 592 MPa. Ternary Al-9MM-2/4Ni display hypo-eutectic microstructures. Al-9MM-2Ni shows separated growth of Al 11MM 3 and Al 3Ni eutectic phases, while Al-9MM-4Ni features finely intertwined Al 11MM 3-Al 3Ni fibers from co-solidification. The hyper-eutectic Al-9MM-5Ni contains primary Al 3Ni particles alongside the intertwined fibers, raising the hardness to 739 MPa. Finally, quaternary Al-9MM-0.5/0.75Mg-4/4.5Ni alloys maintain hypo-eutectic microstructures with a significant increase of hardness to 929 MPa. The series Al-9MM, Al-9MM-0.75Mg, Al-9MM-4Ni, and Al-9MM-4.5Ni-0.75Mg exhibits increasing tensile yield strengths of 70, 83, 88, and 105 MPa, with decreasing ductility of 12.0, 5.8, 2.0, and 0.8 %. All Al-9MM-Mg-Ni alloys exhibit excellent hardness retention and coarsening resistance after thermal exposure at 300 or 350°C for up to 11 weeks. A machine-learning model accurately predicts the alloy`s hardness evolution under thermal exposure. Feature analysis quantitively shows the strengthening impact of MM, Ni, and Mg addition and demonstrate enhanced strengthening retention, under thermal exposure, of Al 11MM 3 over Al 3Ni, alongside the beneficial effects of Mg homogenization. At 300 °C, Al-9MM-Mg-Ni alloys demonstrate higher creep resistance than most precipitation-strengthened Al-Sc-Zr-based alloys and solid-solution-strengthened Al-Mg alloys, with Al-9MM-4Ni as the best performer.
Source: expertdata · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Aluminum Alloy Microstructure Properties · Aluminum Alloys Composites Properties · Microstructure and mechanical properties
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
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