Structure and performance of LiFePO4 cathode materials: A review

Abstract LiFePO 4 has been considered a promising battery material in electric vehicles. However, there are still a number of technical challenges to overcome before its wide-spread applications. In this article, the structure and electrochemical performance of LiFePO 4 are reviewed in light of the major technical requirements for EV batteries. The rate capability, capacity density, cyclic life and low-temperature performance of various LiFePO 4 materials are described. The major factors affecting these properties are discussed, which include particle size, doping, carbon coating, conductive carbon loading and synthesis techniques. Important future research for science and engineering is suggested.