journal article·2025-01-24Open access

Donor–Acceptor Pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrolyl- and Dibenzothiophene-Containing Microporous Polymeric Frameworks for Photocatalytic Organic Pollutant Degradation

Bo Chao, A. Santhana Krishna Kumar, M. Rashad, Fan Chun Chang, Wei-Lung Tseng, Phuong V. Pham, Wei-Chun Lin, Kamal I. Aly, Rong-Ho Lee, Ahmed F. M. EL-Mahdy

ACS Applied Polymer Materials· Volume 7· Issue 2

Abstract

High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) are potential photocatalysts for pollutant remediation, but their undesirable energy band structure limits their practicality. This paper presents the efficient, metal-free, and environmentally benign synthesis of donor–acceptor pyrrolo[3,2- b ]pyrrolyl and dibenzo[ b, d ]thiophene-based CMPs (DBTO-CMP-1 and DBTO-CMP-2) through cyclization processes involving 3,7-diaminodibenzo[ b, d ]thiophene 5,5-dioxide (DBTO-2NH 2 ), aryl aldehydes, and a 2,3-butadione aimed at the effective photocatalytic degradation of the organic pollutant RhB. The electrical band gap, electrochemical, and photophysical properties of such polymers can be meticulously adjusted by choosing appropriate aldehydes. The resulting DBTO–CMP frameworks demonstrate impressive porosity, semicrystalline nature, and an enlarged surface area of 140 m 2 g –1, along with notable thermal endurance. For application, the DBTO–CMP frameworks demonstrate high-performance catalytic activity for the photodegradation of organic dye RhB with reusability. Specifically, RhB can undergo complete photodegradation by DBTO–CMP-1 when subjected to UV–visible light exposure within a span of 3 h, achieving a degradation efficiency of 97.27%. The investigation into the mechanism provides compelling evidence that the efficient photodegradation facilitated by ADBTO–CMP-1 can be chemically elucidated through the presence of superoxide radicals. Furthermore, the phytotoxicity assessment conducted on the bean sprouts reveals that the degradation products of RhB exhibit nontoxic properties and facilitate the growth of bean sprouts. This synthetic technique allows the synthesis of metal-free, easily produced polymeric materials with excellent catalytic properties.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Covalent Organic Framework Applications · Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Applications · Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan

Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan

Physics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia

School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan

Department of Physics, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan

Department of Photonics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 70 Lien-Hai Rd, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan

Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt

Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan

Funding

Hsinchu Science Park Bureau, Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan

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