Localized magnetic moments variation for strengthening and tuning thermal expansion behavior of Mg alloys

We proposed the localized magnetic moments (LMMs) variation-induced strengthening for Mg alloys. Due to the strong interplay of magnetic and elastic, the introduction of merely 7 wt.% Mn ₃Ga _0.7Ge _0.3 N in WE43 Mg alloy could not only reduce the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) but also enable an enhancement of ∼70% on compressive yield strength and less decrease of ∼2.1% on the elongation. We observed localized uniform lattice deformations and magnetic phase transitions for stress response and verified that the strain involves LMMs variation in the frustrated antiperovskite system, realizing simultaneously reinforcing and toughening in the compressive deformation process. Meanwhile, these magnetic transitions are accompanied by volume shrinkage and thus reduce the CTE of the WE43 Mg alloy. These results demonstrate that the introduction of the secondary phase with the variation of LMMs for stress response is an effective design strategy for alloys to achieve tunable thermal expansion behavior combined with high strength and moderate compressive deformability.