Hierarchical anisotropic material response of directed energy deposited (DED) Ti-6Al-4V alloy
Source abstract
Abstract
A comprehensive study is undertaken to investigate the evolution of microscopic deformation under in-situ uniaxial tensile testing of the Directed Energy Deposited (DED) Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The study uncovered a synergistic influence of the ( α + β ) lamellar microstructural features at different length scales, leading to distinct deformation mechanisms and barrier effects. At the smallest length scale, the deformation mechanisms are lattice slipping and phase boundary sliding (PBS), with a characteristic length scale comparable to the dimensions of α platelets and colonies. The slipping and PBS encountered complex barrier effects at β interlayers. At the intermediate length scale, a mechanism of strain localization manifests as shear bands along a 45° orientation to the uniaxial loading direction. The strain localization involves the activation of multiple slipping events and exhibits a propensity to choose large unobstructed phase-boundary pathways for its realization. At the highest length scale, grain boundaries introduce another barrier effect to both slipping and strain localization through intergranular deformation compatibility. The synergistic interplay between these three mechanisms constitutes a hierarchical response, enabling the material to effectively accommodate large plastic deformation. Moreover, the synergistic interplay influences the anisotropy of the material.
Source: expertdata · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Titanium Alloys Microstructure and Properties · Microstructure and mechanical properties · Additive Manufacturing Materials and Processes
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (54)
Show source-provided references
1. Advances in additively manufactured titanium alloys by powder bed fusion and directed energy deposition: microstructure, defects, and mechanical behavior10.1016/j.jmst.2023.11.003 ↗
2. Influence of material microstructures in micromilling of Ti6Al4V alloy10.3390/ma6094268 ↗
3. Directed energy deposition (DED) additive manufacturing: physical characteristics, defects, challenges and applications10.1016/j.mattod.2021.03.020 ↗
4. Review of mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V made by laser-based additive manufacturing using powder feedstock10.1007/s11837-015-1759-z ↗
5. Variant selection in additively manufactured alpha-beta titanium alloys10.1016/j.jmst.2021.10.021 ↗
6. Effect of α texture on the tensile deformation behavior of Ti–6Al–4V alloy produced via electron beam rapid manufacturing10.1016/j.msea.2018.11.012 ↗
7. Predicting tensile properties of Ti-6Al-4V produced via directed energy deposition10.1016/j.actamat.2017.05.025 ↗
8. Plastic deformation mode and α/β slip transfer of Ti–5Al-2.5Cr-0.5Fe-4.5Mo–1Sn–2Zr–3Zn titanium alloy at room temperature10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.154209 ↗
9. The influence of microstructure on the passive layer chemistry and corrosion resistance for some titanium-based alloys10.3390/ma12081233 ↗
10. Enhanced tensile ductility of an additively manufactured near-α titanium alloy by microscale shear banding
11. Analysis of the different slip systems activated by tension in a α/β titanium alloy in relation with local crystallographic orientation10.1016/j.actamat.2004.09.040 ↗
12. Influence of critical resolved shear stress ratios on the response of a commercially pure titanium oligocrystal: crystal plasticity simulations and experiment10.1016/j.ijplas.2018.11.013 ↗
13. Electron backscatter diffraction study of dislocation content of a macrozone in hot-rolled Ti –6Al –4V alloy10.1016/j.scriptamat.2010.01.010 ↗
14. P. Villechaise, D. Banerjee, and S. He, “Microplasticity at Room Temperature in a /b Titanium Alloys,” vol. 51, no. October 2020, 10.1007/s11661-020-05945-4.10.1007/s11661-020-05945-4 ↗
15. Slip systems and initiation of plasticity in a body-centered-cubic titanium alloy10.1007/s11661-010-0284-5 ↗
16. Evolution of lattice strain in Ti-6Al-4V during tensile loading at room temperature10.1016/j.actamat.2008.08.030 ↗
17. Effect of texture on load partitioning in Ti-6Al-4V10.1016/j.actamat.2012.03.039 ↗
18. In situ transmission electron microscopy deformation of the titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V: interface behaviour10.1016/j.msea.2006.10.183 ↗
19. TEM quantitative characterization of short-range order and its effects on the deformation micromechanims in a Ti-6Al-4V alloy10.1016/j.msea.2016.10.020 ↗
20. J. Luster and M.A. Morris, “Compatibility of dependence on deformation in two-phase Ti-AI alloys: microstructure and orientation relationships”.
21. Investigation of slip transfer across HCP grain boundaries with application to cold dwell facet fatigue10.1016/j.actamat.2017.01.021 ↗
22. A study of dislocation transmission through a grain boundary in hcp Ti-6Al using micro-cantilevers10.1016/j.actamat.2015.10.023 ↗
23. Effect of retained beta layer on slip transmission in Ti –6Al –2Zr –1Mo –1V near alpha titanium alloy during tensile deformation at room temperature10.1016/j.matdes.2013.12.018 ↗
24. Determination of Ti-6242 α and β slip properties using micro-pillar test and computational crystal plasticity10.1016/j.jmps.2016.06.007 ↗
25. The role of β-titanium ligaments in the deformation of dual phase titanium alloys10.1016/j.msea.2019.01.032 ↗
26. A size-dependent crystal plasticity finite-element model for creep and load shedding in polycrystalline titanium alloys10.1016/j.actamat.2007.03.017 ↗
27. S. Hémery, C. Tromas, and P. Villechaise, “Materialia Slip-stimulated grain boundary sliding in Ti-6Al-4 V at room temperature,” vol. 5, no. October 2018, 2019, 10.1016/j.mtla.2018.100189.10.1016/j.mtla.2018.100189 ↗
28. Microplasticity at room temperature in α/β titanium alloys10.1007/s11661-020-05945-4 ↗
29. An in situ study of microstructural strain localization and damage evolution in an (α+β) Ti-Al-V-Fe-Si-O alloy10.1016/j.actamat.2022.118424 ↗
30. In-situ investigation of plasticity in a Ti-Al-V-Fe (α+β) alloy: slip mechanisms, strain localization, and partitioning
31. Microstructure and deformation behavior of Ti-6Al-4V alloy by high-power laser solid forming10.1016/j.actamat.2017.04.026 ↗
32. Orientation effect on α/β phase interface mediated deformation mechanism in titanium alloy
33. Strain localization in Ti-6Al-4V Widmanstätten microstructures produced by additive manufacturing10.1016/j.matchar.2016.10.018 ↗
34. In situ tensile observation of the effect of annealing on fracture behavior of laser additive manufactured titanium alloy10.3390/ma16113973 ↗
35. Deformation and failure mechanisms of Ti–6Al–4V as built by selective laser melting
36. Tensile properties of Ti-6Al-4V as-built by laser metal deposition: the relationship between heat affected zone bands, strain localization and anisotropy in ductility
37. The influence of microstructural texture and prior beta grain recrystallisation on the deformation behaviour of laser powder bed fusion produced Ti–6Al–4V,”
38. Parent grain reconstruction from partially or fully transformed microstructures in MTEX10.1107/S1600576721011560 ↗
39. Particle video revisited: tracking through occlusions using point trajectories
40. Microstructural evolution in laser-deposited multilayer Ti-6Al-4V builds: part II. Thermal Modeling10.1007/s11661-004-0095-7 ↗
41. Experimental studies on process-induced morphological characteristics of macro- and microstructures in laser consolidated alloys10.1007/s10853-011-5543-3 ↗
42. Laser powder deposition10.1108/13552540910979785 ↗
43. Formation and 3D morphology of interconnected α microstructures in additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V
44. D. Lunt, “The effect of macrozones in Ti-6Al-4V on the strain localisation behaviour a thesis submitted to the university of manchester for the degree of doctor of philosophy in the faculty of engineering and physical sciences 2014 David lunt school of materials,” PhD thesis, pp. 1–134, 2014.
45. Electron beam melted Ti-6Al-4V: microstructure, texture and mechanical behavior of the as-built and heat-treated material10.1016/j.msea.2015.11.052 ↗
46. Slip-stimulated grain boundary sliding in Ti-6Al-4 V at room temperature
47. Slip-stimulated grain boundary sliding in Ti-6Al-4 V at room temperature10.1016/j.mtla.2018.100189 ↗
48. Microstructural analysis on boundary sliding and its accommodation mode during superplastic deformation of Ti-6Al-4V alloy10.1016/S0921-5093(98)01157-5 ↗
49. Enhanced tensile ductility of an additively manufactured near- α titanium alloy by microscale shear banding
50. Progress in Materials Science Plastic strain localization in metals : origins and consequences10.1016/j.pmatsci.2013.06.001 ↗
51. On the process of transition of the cubic-body-centered modification into the hexagonal-close-packed modification of zirconium10.1016/S0031-8914(34)80244-3 ↗
52. Hierarchical deformation of (α+β) Ti Alloys with lamellar microstructure: a microstructure-informed constitutive model
53. Anisotropic tensile behavior of Ti-6Al-4V components fabricated with directed energy deposition additive manufacturing10.1016/j.actamat.2014.12.054 ↗
54. Microstructure and anisotropic tensile behavior of laser additive manufactured TC21 titanium alloy