Microstructure and properties of a high temperature Al–Ce–Mn alloy produced by additive manufacturing
Source abstract
Abstract
Abstract An Al–10Ce-8Mn (wt%) alloy was designed and fabricated by laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing (AM). The rapid cooling rates of the AM process produced a refined microstructure with a large fraction of reinforcing intermetallic phases. The tensile properties of the alloy were characterized in the as-fabricated state and following thermal exposure. The properties of the as-fabricated microstructure showed exceptional high-temperature performance and strength retention at elevated temperatures up to 400 °C relative to benchmark wrought Al and AM Al alloy properties. Characterization of the microstructure and thermodynamic modeling of the ternary Al–Ce–Mn system rationalized the solidification and solid-state phase transformations. Analysis of the relevant strengthening mechanisms for both the as-fabricated and thermally exposed conditions was performed.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Additive Manufacturing Materials and Processes · High Entropy Alloys Studies · Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (87)
Show source-provided references
1. Recent development in aluminium alloys for the automotive industry10.1016/S0921-5093(99)00653-X ↗
2. Metal additive manufacturing: a review10.1007/s11665-014-0958-z ↗
3. Metal additive manufacturing: a review of mechanical properties10.1146/annurev-matsci-070115-032024 ↗
4. The metallurgy and processing science of metal additive manufacturing10.1080/09506608.2015.1116649 ↗
5. Additive manufacturing of metallic components – process, structure and properties10.1016/j.pmatsci.2017.10.001 ↗
6. Fusion-based additive manufacturing for processing aluminum alloys: state-of-the-art and challenges
7. A new hot-tearing criterion10.1007/s11661-999-0334-z ↗
8. A quest for a new hot tearing criterion10.1007/s11661-007-9169-7 ↗
9. Hot-tear susceptibility of aluminum wrought alloys and the effect of grain refining10.1007/s11661-007-9132-7 ↗
10. A new methodology for measurement of semi-solid constitutive behavior and its application to examination of as-cast porosity and hot tearing in aluminum alloys10.1016/j.msea.2008.01.078 ↗
11. Preventing weld cracks in high-strength aluminum alloys
12. High power selective laser melting (HP SLM) of aluminum parts10.1016/j.phpro.2011.03.035 ↗
13. Selective laser melting of aluminum die-cast alloy—correlations between process parameters, solidification conditions, and resulting mechanical properties10.2351/1.4906389 ↗
14. Processing AlSi10Mg by selective laser melting: parameter optimisation and material characterisation10.1179/1743284714Y.0000000702 ↗
15. Microstructures and mechanical properties of A356 (AlSi7Mg0.3) aluminum alloy fabricated by selective laser melting10.1016/j.matdes.2015.10.065 ↗
16. A.A. Raus, M.S. Wahab, Z. Shayfull, K. Kamarudin, M. Ibrahim, The influence of selective laser melting parameters on density and mechanical properties of AlSi10Mg, 01078 (2016) 1–9. 10.1051/matecconf/20167801078.10.1051/matecconf/20167801078 ↗
17. Selective laser melting of AlSi10Mg alloy: process optimisation and mechanical properties development10.1016/j.matdes.2014.09.044 ↗
18. Rapid solidification: selective laser melting of AlSi10Mg10.1007/s11837-015-1763-3 ↗
19. Microstructure and mechanical properties of Al–12Si produced by selective laser melting : effect of heat treatment10.1016/j.msea.2013.10.023 ↗
20. Influence of process parameters on the quality of aluminium alloy en AW 7075 using Selective Laser Melting (SLM)10.1016/j.phpro.2016.08.096 ↗
21. Selective laser melting of high strength Al–Cu–Mg alloys: processing, microstructure and mechanical properties10.1016/j.msea.2015.12.101 ↗
22. Selective laser melting of Al–Zn–Mg–Cu: heat treatment, microstructure and mechanical properties10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.11.210 ↗
23. Processability of high strength aluminium-copper alloys AW-2022 and 2024 by laser beam melting in powder bed
24. Changing the alloy composition of Al7075 for better processability by selective laser melting10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2016.08.003 ↗
25. 3D printing of high-strength aluminium alloys10.1038/nature23894 ↗
26. Davis · 1993
27. Combinatorial alloy design by laser additive manufacturing10.1002/srin.201600416 ↗
28. Additive manufacturing of ultrafine-grained high-strength titanium alloys
29. Progress in additive manufacturing on new materials: a review10.1016/j.jmst.2018.09.002 ↗
30. Dantzig · 2016
31. Kou · 2003
32. Constitution and age hardening of Al–Sc alloys10.1007/BF00553049 ↗
33. Scalmalloy® = a unique high strength AlMgSc type material concept processed by innovative technologies for aerospace applications
34. J. Røyset, N. Ryum, J. Røyset, N. Ryum, Scandium in aluminium alloys Scandium in aluminium alloys, 6608 (2013) 18–44. doi:10.1179/174328005X14311.10.1179/174328005X14311 ↗
35. Criteria for developing castable, creep-resistant aluminum-based alloys – a review
36. Selective laser melting of a novel Sc and Zr modified Al-6.2 Mg alloy: processing, microstructure, and properties10.1016/j.powtec.2017.06.050 ↗
37. Influence of SLM scan-speed on microstructure, precipitation of Al3Sc particles and mechanical properties in Sc- and Zr-modified Al–Mg alloys
38. Microstructure and mechanical properties of as-processed scandium-modified aluminium using selective laser melting10.1016/j.cirp.2016.04.057 ↗
39. Material Data Sheet – Scalmalloy, Taufkirchen, Germany, n.d.
40. Microstructure and mechanical properties of Al–Mg–Zr alloys processed by selective laser melting10.1016/j.actamat.2018.04.053 ↗
41. Effect of laser rescanning on the grain microstructure of a selective laser melted Al–Mg–Zr alloy10.1016/j.matchar.2018.03.033 ↗
42. Selective laser melting of a high strength Al–Mn–Sc alloy: alloy design and strengthening mechanisms10.1016/j.actamat.2019.04.014 ↗
43. Assessing differences between the use of cerium and scandium in aluminium alloying10.1080/02670836.2019.1702775 ↗
44. Cerium in aluminum alloys
45. Cerium-based, intermetallic-strengthened aluminum casting alloy: high-volume co-product development10.1007/s11837-016-1943-9 ↗
46. High performance aluminum–cerium alloys for high-temperature applications
47. Ageless aluminum-cerium-based alloys in high-volume die casting for improved energy efficiency10.1007/s11837-018-2861-9 ↗
48. Evaluation of an Al–Ce alloy for laser additive manufacturing
49. Theory of eutectic growth under rapid solidification conditions10.1016/0001-6160(87)90176-3 ↗
50. Lamellar and rod eutectic growth
51. Microstructure and properties of novel heat resistant Al–Ce–Cu alloy for additive manufacturing
52. Phase stability in a powder-processed Al–Mn–Ce alloy10.1007/s10853-014-8086-6 ↗
53. Reassessment of the effects of Ce on quasicrystal formation and microstructural evolution in rapidly solidified Al-Mn alloys10.1016/j.actamat.2015.07.046 ↗
54. Design and production of Al–Mn–Ce alloys with tailored properties10.1016/j.matdes.2016.08.008 ↗
55. Insight into the complex ternary phase behavior in Al–Mn–Ce alloys10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.08.136 ↗
56. Thermochemical and phase diagram data for transition metal binary systems10.1016/0364-5916(84)90026-9 ↗
57. SGTE data for pure elements10.1016/0364-5916(91)90030-N ↗
58. Reassessment of the Al–Mn system and a thermodynamic description of the Al–Mg–Mn system10.3139/146.101547 ↗
59. The crystal structure of WAl 12, MoAl 12 and (Mn, Cr)Al 1210.1107/S0365110X54002514 ↗
60. Formation and stability range of the G phase in the Al–Mn system10.1016/0036-9748(86)90111-0 ↗
61. Thermodynamic modeling of Al–Ce–Mg phase equilibria coupled with key experiments10.1016/S0966-9795(02)00018-3 ↗
62. Thermodynamic assessment of the Ce–Mn system10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.07.071 ↗
63. Crystal structure of Al20Mn2Ce
64. 1999
65. High-temperature mechanical properties of AlSi10Mg specimens fabricated by additive manufacturing using selective laser melting technologies (AM-SLM)
66. Elevated temperature microstructural stability in cast AlCuMnZr alloys through solute segregation10.1016/j.msea.2019.138279 ↗
67. Analysis of solidification microstructures in Fe–Ni–Cr single-crystal welds10.1007/BF02672593 ↗
68. Theory of microstructural development during rapid solidification10.1016/0001-6160(86)90056-8 ↗
69. Solidification microstructures and solid-state parallels: recent developments, future directions10.1016/j.actamat.2008.10.020 ↗
70. Progress in modelling solidification microstructures in metals and alloys: dendrites and cells from 1700 to 200010.1080/09506608.2018.1537090 ↗
71. Solidification phase and microstructure selection maps for Fe-Cr-Ni alloys10.2355/isijinternational.39.1270 ↗
72. Time-resolved X-ray diffraction investigation of primary weld solidification in Fe-C-Al-Mn steel welds10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00317-8 ↗
73. Kurz · 1986
74. Banding phenomena in AlFe alloys subjected to laser surface treatment10.1016/0956-7151(91)90228-S ↗
75. Rapid solidification of Al–Cu eutectic alloy by laser remelting10.1016/0001-6160(89)90203-4 ↗
76. Dendrite growth in eutectic alloys: the coupled zone10.1179/095066079790136408 ↗
77. Corrigendum to “Evaluation of an Al–Ce alloy for additive manufacturing”10.1016/j.actamat.2016.12.065 ↗
78. The coupled zone of rapidly solidified Al–Si alloys in laser treatment10.1016/0956-7151(92)90106-O ↗
79. Characterization of hypereutectic Al–Si powders solidified under far-from equilibrium conditions10.1007/s11661-007-9168-8 ↗
80. Mondolfo · 1976
81. Cast near-eutectic Al-12.5 wt% Ce alloy with high coarsening and creep resistance10.1016/j.msea.2019.138440 ↗
82. Precipitation strengthening in Al–Ni–Mn Alloys10.1007/s11661-015-3119-6 ↗
83. Influence of inter-fiber spacing on the yield stress of Al–Al3Ni eutectic composites10.2320/matertrans1960.29.580 ↗
84. Strengthening of an Al–Cu–Sn alloy by deformation-resistant precipitate plates10.1016/j.actamat.2008.03.028 ↗
85. Strengthening effect of unshearable particles of finite size: a computer experimental study10.1016/S1359-6454(99)00179-2 ↗
86. Strengthening mechanisms in Al–Ni–Sc alloys containing Al3Ni microfibers and Al3Sc nanoprecipitates10.1016/j.actamat.2018.10.059 ↗
87. Ambient- and elevated-temperature strengthening by Al3Zr-nanoprecipitates and Al3Ni-microfibers in a cast Al–2.9Ni–0.11Zr–0.02Si–0.005Er (at%) alloy10.1016/j.msea.2019.05.018 ↗