Chemical and electrochemical reduction of solid oxide fuel
Source abstract
Abstract
In the present study, the reduction of solid UO 2 was performed by chemical and electrochemical reductions in molten calcium salts. All the experiments were conducted at 1123 K. The chemical reduction was performed in molten CaCl 2 _{}CaF 2 by adding calcium metal, while the electrochemical reduction was performed in molten CaCl 2 _{}CaF 2 _{}CaO by applying a current from UO 2 cathode to graphite anode. By optimizing the experimental conditions, both mechanisms were able to completely reduce the solid UO 2 pellet in molten calcium salts. Post-test analyses showed neither uranium in the salt medium nor the intermediate compound on the product (uranium metal) surface.
Source: expertdata · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Molten salt chemistry and electrochemical processes · Nuclear Materials and Properties · Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (35)
Show source-provided references
1. Simpson · 2010
2. Separation behaviors of actinides from rare-earths in molten salt electrorefining using saturated liquid cadmium cathode10.1016/j.jnucmat.2006.06.003 ↗
3. Electrochemical transient techniques for determination of uranium and rare-earth metal separation coefficients in molten salts10.1016/j.electacta.2005.07.028 ↗
4. Karell · 1996
5. Gourishankar · 1999
6. Reduction of uranium oxides with lithium in a lithium chloride melt10.1134/S1066362209050051 ↗
7. Pyrochemical reduction of uranium dioxide and plutonium dioxide by lithium metal10.1016/S0022-3115(01)00703-6 ↗
8. Lithium reduction of a MOX Pellet10.1080/00223131.2002.10875604 ↗
9. Lithium reduction of americium dioxide to generate americium metal10.1016/S0022-3115(02)00853-X ↗
10. Reduction of U3O8 to U by a metallic reductant, Li
11. Conversion of oxide into metal or chloride for the pyrometallurgical partitioning process
12. Study of the reduction of UO2 by magnesium or calcium dissolved in molten chlorides10.1007/BF02819274 ↗
13. Wenz · 1968
14. Knighton · 1965
15. Knighton · 1965
16. Shaw · 2008
17. Sharma · 1970 · 3896
18. Direct reduction of vanadium oxide in molten CaCl210.1179/174328508X290894 ↗
19. Burak · 2016
20. An electrochemical reduction of uranium oxide in the advanced spent-fuel conditioning process
21. Electrochemical reduction behavior of U3O8 Powder in a LiCl Molten Salt10.1016/j.electacta.2009.10.060 ↗
22. Metallization of U3O8 via catalytic electrochemical reduction with Li2O in LiCl Molten Salt10.1023/B:REAC.0000006128.15961.1d ↗
23. Characteristics of an integrated cathode assembly for the electrolytic reduction of uranium oxide in A LiCl–Li2O molten salt
24. Electrochemical reduction of UO2 to U in LiCl-KCl molten salt eutectic using the fluidized cathode process10.1149/2.0421708jes ↗
25. Electrochemical Reduction of (U, Pu)O2 in Molten LiCl and CaCl2 Electrolytes10.1080/18811248.2007.9711869 ↗
26. Electrochemical reduction of UO2 in Molten CaCl2 or LiCl10.1149/1.2160430 ↗
27. Electrochemical characterisation of CaCl2 Deficient LiCl-KCl-CaCl2 eutectic melt and electro-deoxidation of solid UO2
28. Mechanism of direct electrochemical reduction of Solid UO2 to uranium metal in CaCl2-48mol% NaCl Melt10.1149/2.080309jes ↗
29. Direct electrochemical reduction of solid uranium oxide in molten fluoride salts10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.02.053 ↗
30. Electrochemical behavior of a platinum anode for reduction of uranium oxide in a LiCl Molten Salt10.1016/j.electacta.2009.05.080 ↗
31. A study of graphite as anode in the electro-deoxidation of solid10.1149/2.0521506jes ↗
32. Solid−liquid equilibrium in the system of CaCl2−H2O with special regard to the transition points10.1021/je800009w ↗
33. Thermodynamic properties of CaCl2-CaF2-CaO system: phase diagram investigation10.4236/msa.2021.124009 ↗
34. The electrochemical reduction processes of solid compounds in high temperature molten salts10.1039/c3cs60327j ↗
35. W. Xiao, X. Jin, Y. Deng, D. Wang, G.Z. Chen, Electrochemically Driven Three-Phase Interlinesinto Insulator Compounds: electroreduction of Solid SiO2 in Molten CaCl2, 2006.10.1002/cphc.200600149 ↗