Microstructure and diffusion behavior of uranium fuel with minor additives

Abstract Fission product lanthanides in metallic fuels are known to cause adverse fuel-cladding chemical interaction (FCCI). Tin (Sn) and palladium (Pd) are being explored as the potential additives to reduce or mitigate lanthanide-induced FCCI by forming stable Sn-Ln and Pd-Ln compounds. The current study is an investigation of the fuel alloys, U–4Sn, U–4Sn-4Ln, U–4Pd, and U–4Pd-4Ln (wt. %), and their diffusion behaviors with Fe. Microstructural analysis was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The binary phases in the UPd and USn alloys are identified as UPd3 and suspected U2Sn, where U2Sn is unknown in the literature. The binary phases in the UPdLn alloy are identified as PdLn and Pd-rich Pd-Ln (Pd4Ln3 and Pd3Ln2), and in the USnLn alloy is SnLn. Diffusion of Fe with these binary phases is insignificant compared to the diffusion with U. The Ln-induced FCCI can be mitigated by the additives.