The radiation damage database: Section on helium cross section

Abstract A radiation damage database with emphasis on spallation interactions is described. Currently, the database contains damage energy, displacement, helium, and hydrogen cross sections for 23 elemental targets irradiated by proton and neutron projectiles up to 3.2 GeV. In this paper, the focus is on proton-induced helium cross sections, but it is shown that for high energies (above about 500 MeV) proton- and neutron-induced helium cross sections are almost equal. The cross section calculations were run on the Cascade–Exciton Model code (no options) and also on the Bertini code with three nuclear level-density models and multistage pre-equilibrium model on and off. Calculation and experimental results are compared. For various targets, we tried to determine which code and options give best agreement with experiment. In some cases, such determinations are uncertain, partly because of limited and conflicting experimental information and partly perhaps because of the need for modifications in the codes.