Colour stability of vat photopolymerisation‐based resins in dentistry: A comprehensive review

Abstract Vat photopolymerisation (VPP) has become a pivotal technology in dentistry, offering precise fabrication of photosensitive resins for various applications. However, the colour stability of these materials remains a critical challenge, directly influencing their aesthetic and functional performance. This review systematically examines the colour stability of VPP‐based resins, detailing methodologies for colour characterisation and measurement, including visual thresholds and International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) standards. Comparative analyses highlight differences between VPP‐based resins and other manufacturing methods, such as milling, which often demonstrate superior colour stability. Key factors affecting colour stability, including staining mediums, cleaning protocols, resin composition, and 3D printing parameters, are thoroughly explored, supported by findings from in vivo studies. Despite advancements, inconsistencies in results and the lack of consensus on clinically acceptable colour thresholds emphasise the need for further research. Promising developments, such as hydrophobic monomers and optimised printing parameters, offer potential improvements. This review provides evidence‐based insights to guide the enhancement of long‐term aesthetic and functional performance in dental materials produced via VPP.