Local atomic structure determination of the amorphous verapamil HCl drug

Abstract We investigate the local atomic structure of verapamil hydrochloride in the amorphous state (a-VRPH) using the pair distribution function (PDF) and Reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) methods. We obtain the a-VRPH sample from its crystalline counterpart (c-VRPH) using the solvent evaporation technique. From the measured X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) data for a-VRPH and c-VRPH, two total structure factors S(Q) are derived, and Fourier transforming them, two total reduced distribution functions, γ(R), are obtained. We refine the XRPD pattern of c-VRPH using the Rietveld method to confirm the sample's crystal structure is the pure c-VRPH. The partial Sij(Q) factors and PDF functions are simulated based on the VRPH crystal structure found in the Cambridge Structural Database® (CSD). The PDF and RMC analyses allow us to observe some similarities between a-VRPH and c-VRPH at the intramolecular level and the main differences at the intermolecular level induced by the amorphization process.