Extraction of band diagram parameters from Fowler–Nordheim model in silicon dioxide

Abstract In electric fields >10 7 V / cm , we have observed that the conduction current through Si( n + )/SiO 2 /poly-Si( n + ) capacitors is larger than that predicted by the classical Fowler–Nordheim law for the case of a triangular potential barrier. This phenomenon appears for both gate polarities just before electric breakdown occurs. An attempt to model this excess current by direct tunneling or by other well-known conduction mechanisms such as Schottky, Poole–Frenkel or hopping effects has been unsuccessful. We have succeeded in interpreting experimental data by considering the SiO 2 layer as a non-triangular potential barrier, which leads to a non-linear relationship between the tunneling length and the applied voltage. By using a semi-linear approach, an oxide conduction band model presenting two potential wells located at approximately from 2.5 nm to within ±0.2 nm from each oxide interface has been obtained. These two singularities may be related to the presence of a non-uniformly distributed positive charge in SiO 2 .