Mineral oils modified with CdSeTe QDs for improved stability and dielectric performance in high-voltage applications
Source abstract
Abstract
This study explored the application of CdSeTe quantum dots (QDs) in mineral oils for high-voltage applications through a comprehensive approach. CdSeTe QDs were synthesized using an organometallic method and added to mineral oil at concentrations of 1 mg/L (C1), 5 mg/L (C2), and 10 mg/L (C3). The samples' stability condition was monitored for a long period, and physicochemical tests were performed. Experimental results show that QD-modified oils have enhanced electrical properties compared to the base oil. The breakdown voltage was in the range of 17 to 23 kV for the base oil, while the breakdown voltage was in the range of 20 to 39 kV for the QD-modified (C2) insulating fluid sample. Throughout the 25-day monitoring period, the QDs were found to be properly dispersed in oil and free of aggregation in all samples. Values such as density and viscosity remained fairly constant due to the relatively low concentration ratio. However, an increase in total acid number was observed with increasing concentration. These results imply that QD-enhanced insulation oils may have applications in high-voltage applications in the future. The main innovation of this study lies in demonstrating that CdSeTe QDs can significantly enhance the dielectric strength of mineral oils while maintaining their essential physicochemical properties, offering a novel approach for improving insulation performance in high-voltage applications.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Power Transformer Diagnostics and Insulation · Semiconductor materials and devices · Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (37)
Show source-provided references
1. Karatas M, Bicen Y (2022) Nanoparticles for next-generation transformer insulating fluids: a review. RSER 167:112645. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2022.11264510.1016/j.rser.2022.112645 ↗
2. Cilliyuz Y, Bicen Y, Aras F, Aydugan G (2021) Measurements and performance evaluations of natural ester and mineral oil-immersed identical transformers. Int J Electr Power Energy Syst 125:106517. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2020.10651710.1016/j.ijepes.2020.106517 ↗
3. Fofana I (2013) 50 years in the development of insulating liquids. IEEE Electr Insul Mag 29:13. https://doi.org/10.1109/MEI.2013.658585310.1109/MEI.2013.6585853 ↗
4. Rafiq M, Lv YZ, Zhou Y et al (2015) Use of vegetable oils as transformer oils-a review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 52:308–32410.1016/j.rser.2015.07.032 ↗
5. Suhaimi NS, Din MFM, Ishak MT et al (2022) Performance and limitation of mineral oil-based carbon nanotubes nanofluid in transformer application. Alex Eng J 61:9623-9635. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aej.2022.02.07110.1016/j.aej.2022.02.071 ↗
6. Lv Y, Zhou Y, Li C et al (2014) Recent progress in nanofluids based on transformer oil: preparation and electrical insulation properties. IEEE Electr Insul Mag 30:23. https://doi.org/10.1109/MEI.2014.688259710.1109/MEI.2014.6882597 ↗
7. Atiya EG, Mansour DEA, Izzularab MA (2020) Partial discharge development in oil-based nanofluids: inception, propagation and time transition. IEEE Access 8:181028. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.302790510.1109/ACCESS.2020.3027905 ↗
8. Lv Y, Ge Y, Sun Z et al (2018) Effect of nanoparticle morphology on pre-breakdown and breakdown properties of insulating oil-based nanofluids. Nanomaterials 8:476. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano807047610.3390/nano8070476 ↗
9. Zhang Y, Ho SL, Fu W (2018) Heat transfer comparison of nanofluid filled transformer and traditional oil-immersed transformer. AIP Adv 8:056724. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.500674910.1063/1.5006749 ↗
10. Karataş M, Biçen Y (2023) Experimental determination of electrical and thermo-physical characteristics of dielectric nanofluids based on volume fraction change. Mater Chem Phys 304:127914. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2023.12791410.1016/j.matchemphys.2023.127914 ↗
11. Abd-Elhady AM, Ibrahim ME, Taha TA, Izzularab MA (2016) Dielectric and thermal properties of transformer oil modified by semiconductive CdS quantum dots. J Electron Mater 45:4755. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-016-4745-510.1007/s11664-016-4745-5 ↗
12. Rafiq M, Shafique M, Azam A, Ateeq M (2021) Transformer oil-based nanofluid: the application of nanomaterials on thermal, electrical and physicochemical properties of liquid insulation-a review. Ain Shams Eng J 12(1):555–57610.1016/j.asej.2020.08.010 ↗
13. Suhaimi SN, Rahman ARA, Din MFM et al (2020) A review on oil-based nanofluid as next-generation insulation for transformer application. J Nanomater 2020(1):2061343
14. Patel HE, Sundararajan T, Das SK (2010) An experimental investigation into the thermal conductivity enhancement in oxide and metallic nanofluids. J Nanoparticle Res 12:1015. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-009-9658-210.1007/s11051-009-9658-2 ↗
15. Huang M, Chen L, Zhang L et al (2023) Effect of carrier mobility on corona discharge of transformer oil under DC voltage. IEEE Trans Plasma Sci 51:3593. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2023.333108110.1109/TPS.2023.3331081 ↗
16. Amiri A, Shanbedi M, Ahmadi G, Rozali S (2017) Transformer oils-based graphene quantum dots nanofluid as a new generation of highly conductive and stable coolant. Int Commun Heat Mass Transf 83:. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2017.03.01110.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2017.03.011 ↗
17. Chandrasekar S, Kasi Viswanathan P, Uthirakumar P, Montanari GC (2020) Investigations on novel carbon quantum dots covered nanofluid insulation for medium voltage applications. J Electr Eng Technol 15:269. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42835-019-00316-510.1007/s42835-019-00316-5 ↗
18. Sivakumar M, Chandrasekar S, Uthirakumar P, Montanari GC (2020) A contribution to environmentally-compatible energy conversion: characterization of nano structured natural ester oil decorated with carbon quantum dots. J Electr Eng Technol 15:2699. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42835-020-00531-510.1007/s42835-020-00531-5 ↗
19. Elibol E, Demirci T, Koç D (2025) High efficiency green and red emitting CdSeTe quantum dots: synthesis and PLQY improvement for optical applications. J Alloys Compd 1010:178161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2024.17816110.1016/j.jallcom.2024.178161 ↗
20. Marandi M, Shahidi N, Abadi SH (2023) Aqueous synthesis of CdSeTe-alloyed quantum dots, fabrication of CdSeTe, CdS and CdSe QDs-sensitized solar cells and optimization of the sensitizing, light scattering and passivating layers. Appl Phys A Mater Sci Process 129:517. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-023-06752-510.1007/s00339-023-06752-5 ↗
21. Elibol E (2020) Synthesis of near unity photoluminescence CdSeTe alloyed Quantum Dots. J Alloys Compd 817:152726. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.15272610.1016/j.jallcom.2019.152726 ↗
22. Zhang J, Zhang S, Zhang Y et al (2023) Colloidal quantum dots: synthesis, composition, structure, and emerging optoelectronic applications. Laser Photonics Rev 17:220055110.1002/lpor.202200551 ↗
23. Wanatasanappan VV, Rezman M, Abdullah MZ (2022) Thermophysical properties of vegetable oil-based hybrid nanofluids containing Al2O3-TiO2 nanoparticles as insulation oil for power transformers. Nanomaterials 12(20):3621. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano1220362110.3390/nano12203621 ↗
24. Amarotti E, Wang Z, Hedse A, et al (2024) Direct visualization of confinement and many-body correlation effects in 2D spectroscopy of quantum dots. Adv Opt Mater 12:2302968. https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.20230296810.1002/adom.202302968 ↗
25. Jonnalagadda M, Prasad VB, Raghu AV (2021) Synthesis of composite nanopowder through Mn doped ZnS-CdS systems and its structural, optical properties. J Mol Struct 1230:12987510.1016/j.molstruc.2021.129875 ↗
26. Brouwer AM (2011) Standards for photoluminescence quantum yield measurements in solution (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure Appl Chem 83:2213. https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REP-10-09-3110.1351/PAC-REP-10-09-31 ↗
27. Dou H, Yuan C, Zhu R, et al (2024) Impact of surface trap states on electron and energy transfer in CdSe quantum dots studied by femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. Nanomaterials 14. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano1401003410.3390/nano14010034 ↗
28. Viswanathan PK, Chandrasekar S (2019) Influence of Carbon Quantum Dots Modified Silica Nanoparticles on Insulation Properties of Mineral Oil. International Conference on High Voltage Engineering and Technology (ICHVET), Hyderabad, India, pp 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICHVET.2019.872425910.1109/ICHVET.2019.8724259 ↗
29. Hung LX, Bassène PD, Thang PN et al (2017) Near-infrared emitting CdTeSe alloyed quantum dots: Raman scattering, photoluminescence and single-emitter optical properties. RSC Adv 7:47966–47974. https://doi.org/10.1039/C7RA06500K10.1039/C7RA06500K ↗
30. Yang S, Ding K, Dou X, et al (2015) Zinc-blende and wurtzite GaAs quantum dots in nanowires studied using hydrostatic pressure. Phys Rev B - Condens Matter Mater Phys 92: 165315. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.92.16531510.1103/PhysRevB.92.165315 ↗
31. Çadırcı M, Elibol E, Demirci T, Kurban M (2024) Investigating the effect of Zn doping and temperature on the photoluminescence behaviour of CuLaSe2 quantum dots. Luminescence 39:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1002/bio.472210.1002/bio.4722 ↗
32. Okram GS, Singh J, Kaurav N, Lalla NP (2015) Trioctylphosphine as self-assembly inducer. Faraday Discuss 181:211–223. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4FD00248B10.1039/C4FD00248B ↗
33. Lv Y zhen, Li C, Sun Q et al (2016) Effect of dispersion method on stability and dielectric strength of transformer oil-based TiO2 nanofluids. Nanoscale Res Lett 11:515 https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-016-1738-510.1186/s11671-016-1738-5 ↗
34. Ashraf A, Shafi WK, Ul Haq MI, Raina A (2022) Dispersion stability of nano additives in lubricating oils–an overview of mechanisms, theories and methodologies. Tribol - Mater Surfaces Interfaces 16:34-56https://doi.org/10.1080/17515831.2021.198172010.1080/17515831.2021.1981720 ↗
35. Karataş M, Biçen Y (2025) Nanoparticle-enhanced dielectric oils for improved electrical insulation: comparison of MgO, Al2O3, and SiO2-based dielectric nanofluids. High Voltage 10:2. https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.1251510.1049/hve2.12515 ↗
36. Saleh HM, Hassan AI (2023) Synthesis and characterization of nanomaterials for application in cost-effective electrochemical devices. Sustainability 15(14):1089110.3390/su151410891 ↗
37. Kalakonda SP, Ghassemi M (2025) Nanodielectric fluids for power transformer insulation and cooling: a review identifying challenges and future research needs. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation 32(1):349–366. https://doi.org/10.1109/TDEI.2024.345986110.1109/TDEI.2024.3459861 ↗