journal article·2019-10

An atomic scale Monte Carlo study of exchange bias in homogeneous/inhomogeneous core/shell Fe3O4/CoO nanoparticles

Z. Nehme, Y. Labaye, N. Yaacoub, J. M. Grenèche

Journal of Nanoparticle Research· Volume 21· Issue 10
Publisher page

Abstract

The present work focuses on the study of exchange-biased magnetic core/shell nanoparticles at the atomic scale. The nanoparticles (NPs) consist of a perfectly epitaxial crystalline cobalt oxide (CoO) shell on a magnetite (Fe3O4) core. The numerical core/shell is built by taken into account the spinel structure of the core (Fe3O4) and the face-centered cubic structure of the shell (CoO). Two different configurations of core/shell NPs were examined: homogeneous and inhomogeneous core/shell. Our magnetic simulations are based on a 3D classical Heisenberg model. Monte Carlo simulations performing single spin rotation are used to investigate the effect of exchange bias on the spin configurations and hysteresis loops of core/shell nanoparticles. The numerical results reveal, as expected, a significant hysteresis loop shift obtained for a weak interface coupling. In addition, the magnetization reversal is not perfectly uniform in space when the interfacial coupling is different from zero. Finally, the increase in the magnetic interfacial coupling produces an increase in coercive field and a decrease in the exchange bias field.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Magnetic properties of thin films · Magnetic Properties and Synthesis of Ferrites · Magnetism in coordination complexes

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (40)

Show source-provided references
1. Archer T, Hanafin R, Sanvito S (2008) Magnetism of CoO polymorphs: density functional theory and Monte Carlo simulations. Phys Rev B 78:2–6. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.78.01443110.1103/PhysRevB.78.014431 ↗
2. Bader SD (2006) Colloquium: opportunities in nanomagnetism. Rev Mod Phys 78:1–15. https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.78.110.1103/RevModPhys.78.1 ↗
3. Balamurugan B, Sellmyer DJ, Hadjipanayis GC, Skomski R (2012) Prospects for nanoparticle-based permanent magnets. Scr Mater 67:542–547. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2012.03.03410.1016/j.scriptamat.2012.03.034 ↗
4. Bedanta S, Kleemann W (2009) Supermagnetism. J Phys D Appl Phys 42:013001. https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/42/1/01300110.1088/0022-3727/42/1/013001 ↗
5. Binns C, Domingo N, Testa AM, Fiorani D, Trohidou KN, Vasilakaki M, Blackman JA, Asaduzzaman AM, Baker S, Roy M (2010) Interface exchange coupling in Co nanoparticles dispersed in a Mn matrix. J Phys Condens Matter 22:436005. https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/22/43/43600510.1088/0953-8984/22/43/436005 ↗
6. Chandra S, Khurshid H, Li W, Hadjipanayis GC, Phan MH, Srikanth H (2012) Spin dynamics and criteria for onset of exchange bias in superspin glass Fe/γ -Fe2O3 core-shell nanoparticles. Phys Rev B 86:014426. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.86.01442610.1103/PhysRevB.86.014426 ↗
7. Chubykalo O, Nowak U, Smirnov-Rueda R, Wongsam MA, Chantrell RW, Gonzalez JM (2003) Monte Carlo technique with a quantified time step: application to the motion of magnetic moments. Phys Rev B 67. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.67.06442210.1103/PhysRevB.67.064422 ↗
8. Coey JMD (2010) Magnetism and magnetic materials. Cambridge
9. De D, Iglesias Ò, Majumdar S, Giri S (2016) Probing core and shell contributions to exchange bias in Co/Co3O4 nanoparticles of controlled size. Phys Rev B 94:184410. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.94.18441010.1103/PhysRevB.94.184410 ↗
10. Du Trémolet de la Lacheisserie E, Cyrot M, Decorps M, Dieny B, Geoffroy O, Gignoux D, Lacroix C et al (2000) Magnétisme I- Fondements, EDP Sciences.ISBN 10: 2868834639
11. Duan C, Wang W, Xie Q (2013) Review article: fabrication of nanofluidic devices. Biomicrofluidics 7:026501. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.479497310.1063/1.4794973 ↗
12. Estrader M, López-Ortega A, Estradé S, Golosovsky IV, Salazar-Alvarez G, Vasilakaki M, Trohidou KN, Varela M, Stanley DC, Sinko M, Pechan MJ, Keavney DJ, Peiró F, Suriñach S, Baró MD, Nogués J (2013) Robust antiferromagnetic coupling in hard-soft bi-magnetic core/shell nanoparticles. Nat Commun 4:2960. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms396010.1038/ncomms3960 ↗
13. Flores-Martinez N, Franceschin G, Gaudisson T, Beaunier P, Yaacoub N, Grenèche JM, Valenzuela R, Ammar S (2018) Giant exchange-bias in polyol-made CoFe2O4-CoO core–shell like nanoparticles. Part Part Syst Charact 35:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.20180029010.1002/ppsc.201800290 ↗
14. Flores-Martinez N, Franceschin G, Gaudisson T, Derouich SG, Haj-Khlifa S, Yaacoub N, Greneche JM, Menguy N, Valenzuela R, Ammar S (n.d.) On the first evidence of exchange-bias feature in magnetically contrasted consolidates made from CoFe2O4-CoO core-shell nanoparticles. Scientific Reports (in revision)
15. Franceschin G, Gaudisson T, Menguy N, Dodrill Brad C, Yaacoub N, Grenèche JM, Valenzuela R, Ammar S (2018) Exchange-biased Fe3-xO4 -CoO granular composites of different morphologies prepared by seed-mediated growth in polyol: from core-shell to multicore embedded structures. Part Part Syst Charact 35:1800104. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.20180010410.1002/ppsc.201800104 ↗
16. Gaudisson T, Ourry L, Hammoud H, Nowak S, Menguy N, Yaacoub N, Grenèche JM, Mammeri F, Ammar S (2014) Exchange-biased oxide-based core–shell nanoparticles produced by seed-mediated growth in polyol. J Nanopart Res 16:2359. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-014-2359-510.1007/s11051-014-2359-5 ↗
17. Gleiter H (1989) Nanocrystalline materials. Prog Mater Sci 33:223–315. https://doi.org/10.1016/0079-6425(89)90001-710.1016/0079-6425(89)90001-7 ↗
18. Iglesias Ò, Batlle X, Labarta A (2007a) Modelling exchange bias in core/shell nanoparticles. J Phys Condens Matter 19:406232. https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/19/40/40623210.1088/0953-8984/19/40/406232 ↗
19. Iglesias Ò, Batlle X, Labarta A (2007b) Exchange bias and asymmetric hysteresis loops from a microscopic model of core/shell nanoparticles. J Magn Magn Mater 316:140–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2007.02.05710.1016/j.jmmm.2007.02.057 ↗
20. Iglesias Ò, Labarta A, Batlle X (2008) Phenomenology and models of core/shell nanoparticles. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 8:2761–2780. https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2008.01510.1166/jnn.2008.015 ↗
21. Jun YW, Lee JH, Cheon J (2008) Chemical design of nanoparticle probes for high-performance magnetic resonance imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed 47:5122–5135. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.20070167410.1002/anie.200701674 ↗
22. Kanamori J (1957) Theory of the magnetic properties of ferrous and cobaltous oxides, II. Prog Theor Phys 17:197–222. https://doi.org/10.1143/PTP.17.19710.1143/PTP.17.197 ↗
23. Kechrakos D, Trohidou KN (1998) Magnetic properties of dipolar interacting single-domain particles. Phys Rev B 58:1216–12177. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.58.1216910.1103/PhysRevB.58.12169 ↗
24. Kirkpatrick S, Gelatt CD, Vecchi MP (1983) Optimization by simulated annealing. Science 220:671–680. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.220.4598.67110.1126/science.220.4598.671 ↗
25. Manna PK, Yusuf SM (2014) Two interface effects: exchange bias and magnetic proximity. Phys Rep 535:61–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physrep.2013.10.00210.1016/j.physrep.2013.10.002 ↗
26. Margaris G, Trohidou KN, Nogués J (2012) Mesoscopic model for the simulation of large arrays of bi-magnetic core/shell nanoparticles. Adv Mater 24:4331–4336. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.20120061510.1002/adma.201200615 ↗
27. Nehme Z, Labaye Y, Sayed Hassan R, Yaacoub N, Grenèche JM (2015) Modeling of hysteresis loops by Monte Carlo simulation. AIP Adv 5:0–11. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.493854910.1063/1.4938549 ↗
28. Nogués J, Sort J, Langlais V, Skumryeva V, Suriñachb S, Muñozb JS, Barób MD (2005) Exchange bias in nanostructures. Phys Rep 422:65–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physrep.2005.08.00410.1016/j.physrep.2005.08.004 ↗
29. O’Grady K, Fernandez-Outon LE, Vallejo-Fernandez G (2010) A new paradigm for exchange bias in polycrystalline thin films. J Magn Magn Mater 322:883–899. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2009.12.01110.1016/j.jmmm.2009.12.011 ↗
30. Ong QK, Xin ML, Wei A (2012) Role of frozen spins in the exchange anisotropy of core−shell Fe@Fe3O4 nanoparticles. J Phys Chem C 115:2665–2672. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp110716g10.1021/jp110716g ↗
31. Skumryev V, Stoyanov S, Zhang Y, Hadjipanayis G, Givord D, Nogués J (2003) Beating the superparamagnetic limit with exchange bias. Nature 423:850–853. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01750.110.1038/nature01750.1 ↗
32. Tartaj P, Morales MDP, Veintemillas-Verdaguer S, González-Carreno T, Serna CJ (2003) The preparation of magnetic nanoparticles for applications in biomedicine. J Phys D Appl Phys 36:R182–R197 stacks.iop.org/JPhysD/36/R18210.1088/0022-3727/36/13/202 ↗
33. Terris BD, Thomson T (2005) Nanofabricated and self-assembled magnetic structures as data storage media. J Phys D Appl Phys 38(38):R199–R222. https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/38/12/R0110.1088/0022-3727/38/12/R01 ↗
34. Thorat ND, Khot VM, Salunkhe AB, Prasad AI, Ningthoujam RS, Pawar SH (2013) Surface functionalized LSMO nanoparticles with improved colloidal stability for hyperthermia applications. J Phys D Appl Phys 46:105003. https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/46/10/10500310.1088/0022-3727/46/10/105003 ↗
35. Vasilakaki M, Trohidou KN, Nogués J (2015) Enhanced magnetic properties in antiferromagnetic-core/ferrimagnetic-shell nanoparticles. Sci Rep 5:9609. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep0960910.1038/srep09609 ↗
36. Wu MH, Li QC, Liu JM (2007) Monte Carlo simulation of size, random field and temperature dependences of exchange bias in a core/shell magnetic nanoparticle. J Phys Condens Matter 19:186202. https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/19/18/18620210.1088/0953-8984/19/18/186202 ↗
37. Yaacoub N, Mortada H, Nehme Z, Grenèche J (2019) Chemical inhomogeneity in iron oxide @ CoO core-shell nanoparticles : a local probe study using zero-field and in-field 57Fe Mössbauer spectrometry. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 19:5014–5019. https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2019.1679410.1166/jnn.2019.16794 ↗
38. Zaim A, Kerouad M (2010) Monte Carlo simulation of the compensation and critical behaviors of a ferrimagnetic core/shell nanoparticle Ising model. Phys A Stat Mech Appl 389:3435–3442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2010.04.03410.1016/j.physa.2010.04.034 ↗
39. Zaim A, Kerouad M, EL Amraoui Y (2009) Magnetic properties of a ferrimagnetic core/shell nanocube Ising model: a Monte Carlo simulation study. J Magn Magn Mater 321:1077–1083. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2008.10.00910.1016/j.jmmm.2008.10.009 ↗
40. Zianni X, Trohidou K (1999) Magnetization reversal mechanisms in small antiferromagnetic particles. J Appl Phys 85:1050–1057. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.36922710.1063/1.369227 ↗