Synthesis and characterization of hollow nanoparticles of crystalline Gd2O3
Source abstract
Abstract
Although Gd2O3 (gadolinia) nanoparticle is the subject of intense research interest due to its magnetic property as well as controllable emission wavelengths by doping of various lanthanide ions, it is known to be difficult to prepare monodisperse crystalline gadolinia nanoparticles because it requires high temperature thermal annealing process to enhance the crystallinity. In this article, we demonstrate the synthesis of hollow nanoparticles of crystalline Gd2O3 by employing poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) to stabilize the surface of Gd(OH)CO3·H2O nanoparticles and to successively form SiO2 shell as a protecting layer to prevent aggregation during calcinations processes. Silica shells could be selectively removed after calcinations by a treatment with basic solution to give hollow nanoparticles of crystalline Gd2O3. The formation mechanism of hollow nanoparticles could be suggested based on several characterization results of the size and shape, and crystallinity of Gd2O3 nanoparticles by TEM, SEM, and XRD.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: ZnO doping and properties · Copper-based nanomaterials and applications · Catalytic Processes in Materials Science
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (23)
Show source-provided references
1. Adachi G, Imanaka N, Kang ZC (2004) Binary rare earth oxides. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Amsterdam10.1007/1-4020-2569-6 ↗
2. Aldinger F (1974) Controlled porosity by an extreme Kirkendal effect. Acta Met 22:923–92810.1016/0001-6160(74)90059-5 ↗
3. Byeon S-H, Ko M-G, Park J-C, Kim D-K (2002) Low-temperature crystallization and highly enhanced photoluminescence of Gd2 − xYxO3:Eu3+ by Li doping. Chem Mater 14:603–60810.1021/cm010533m ↗
4. Feldmann C (2003) Polyol-mediated synthesis of nanoscale functional materials. Adv Funct Mater 13:101–10710.1002/adfm.200390014 ↗
5. Graf C, Vossen DLJ, Imhof A, Blaaderen AV (2003) A general method to coat colloidal particles with silica. Langmuir 19:6693–670010.1021/la0347859 ↗
6. Guo H, Dong N, Yin M, Zhang W, Lou L, Xia S (2004) Visible upconversion in rare earth ion-doped Gd2O3 nanocrystals. J Phys Chem B 108:19205–1920910.1021/jp048072q ↗
7. Hirai T, Hirano T, Komasawa I (2002) Preparation of Gd2O3:Eu3+ and Gd2O2S:Eu3+ phosphor fine particles using an emulsion liquid membrane system. J Colloid Interface Sci 253:62–6910.1006/jcis.2002.8534 ↗
8. Li I-F, Su C-H, Sheu H-S, Chiu H-C, Lo Y-W, Lin W-T, Chen J-H, Yeh C-S (2008) Gd2O(CO3)2·H2O particles and the corresponding Gd2O3: synthesis and applications of magnetic resonance contrast agents and template particles for hollow spheres and hybrid composites. Adv Funct Mater 18:766–77610.1002/adfm.200700702 ↗
9. Liu G, Hong G, Dong X, Wang J (2008) Preparation and characterization of Gd2O3:Eu3+ luminescence nanotubes. J Alloys Compd 466:512–51610.1016/j.jallcom.2007.11.108 ↗
10. Matijevic E (1986) Monodispersed colloids: art and science. Langmuir 2:12–2010.1021/la00067a002 ↗
11. Matijevic E, Hsu W (1987) Preparation and properties of monodispersed colloidal particles of lanthanide compounds. I: Gadolinium, europium, terbium, samarium, and cerium (III). J Colloid Interface Sci 118:506–52310.1016/0021-9797(87)90486-3 ↗
12. Matsubara I, Paranthaman M, Allison SW, Cates MR, Beshears DL, Holcomb DE (2000) Preparation of Cr-doped Y3Al5O12 phosphors by heterogeneous precipitation methods and their luminescent properties. Mater Res Bull 35:217–22410.1016/S0025-5408(00)00202-6 ↗
13. Rao RP (1996) Preparation and characterization of fine-grain yttrium-based phosphors by sol-gel process. J Electrochem Soc 143:189–19710.1149/1.1836407 ↗
14. Ryabchikov DI, Ryabukhin VA (1979) Analytical chemistry of yttrium and the lanthanide elements. Humphrey Science Publications, Ann Arbor, pp 50–139
15. Si R, Zhang Y-W, You L-P, Yan C-H (2005) Rare-earth oxide nanopolyhedra, nanoplates, and nanodisks**. Angew Chem Int Ed 44:3256–326010.1002/anie.200462573 ↗
16. Si R, Zhang Y-W, Zhou H-P, Sun L-D, Yan C-H (2007) Controlled-synthesis, self-assembly behavior, and surface-dependent optical properties of high-quality rare-earth oxide nanocrystals. Chem Mater 19:18–2710.1021/cm0618392 ↗
17. Sing KSW, Everett DH, Haul RAW, Moscou L, Pierotti RA, Rouquérol J, Siemieniewska T (1985) Reporting physisorption data for gas/solid systems with special reference to the determination of surface area and porosity. Pure Appl Chem 57:603–61910.1351/pac198557040603 ↗
18. Sun L, Liao C, Yan C (2003) Structure transition and enhanced photoluminescence of Gd2 − xYxO3:Eu nanocrystals. J Solid State Chem 171:304–30710.1016/S0022-4596(02)00182-2 ↗
19. Wang X, Li Y (2002) Synthesis and characterization of lanthanide hydroxide single-crystal nanowires**. Angew Chem Int Ed 41:4790–479310.1002/anie.200290049 ↗
20. Wang H, Uehara M, Nakamura H, Miyazaki M, Maeda H (2005) Synthesis of well-dispersed Y2O3:Eu nanocrystals and self-assembled nanodisks using a simple non-hydrolytic route. Adv Mater 17:2506–250910.1002/adma.200500503 ↗
21. Xu C, Watkins BA, Sievers RE (1997) Submicron-sized spherical yttrium oxide based phosphors prepared by supercritical CO2-assisted aerosolization and pyrolysis. Appl Phys Lett 71:1643–164510.1063/1.120004 ↗
22. Yin Y, Rioux RM, Erdonmez CK, Hughes S, Somorjai GA, Alivisatos AP (2004) Formation of hollow nanocrystals through the nanoscale Kirkendall effect. Science 304:711–71410.1126/science.1096566 ↗
23. Yoon T-J, Kim JS, Kim BG, Yu KN, Cho M-H, Lee J-K (2005) Multifunctional nanoparticles possessing a “Magnetic Motor Effect” for drug or gene delivery. Angew Chem Int Ed 44:106810.1002/anie.200461910 ↗