Modification of tin oxide nanoparticles by fluorocarbon solids via a mechanochemical route
Source abstract
Abstract
Interfacial reactions at the surface of SnO2 nanoparticles adjacent to the fluorocarbon solids (FCS) under mechanical stressing were compared in an attempt to their modification by introducing fluorine and carbon. Emphasis was laid on the comparison of the reactivity of 3 different species of FCS, i.e., polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). PVdF exhibited the highest reactivity, followed by PTFE and PFOA, as confirmed by Raman, FT-IR, XPS, and 19F MAS NMR spectra. The preferential reactivity could be explained in terms of the electrophilicity of FCS toward the nucleophilic oxygen in SnO2, since the decomposition of FCS is catalyzed by the coexisting SnO2. PFOA behaved in a different manner, due to its carboxylic groups. At the same time, carbon nanospecies were introduced as a decomposed product of FCS. This results in the formation of SnO2:F/C nanocomposite. Fluorine introduced to SnO2 survived even after heating up to 600 °C either in air or in Ar. This indicates the thermal stability of the present partially fluorinated SnO2 nanoparticles.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors · ZnO doping and properties · Transition Metal Oxide Nanomaterials
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (58)
Show source-provided references
1. Allayarov SR, Olkhov YA, Muntele CI, Dixon DA, Ila D (2014) Effect of MeV protons on the phase behaviour and thermal stability of polytetrafluoroethylene. High Energy Chem 48:162–173. doi: 10.1134/S001814391403003510.1134/S0018143914030035 ↗
2. Amade R, Heitjans P, Indris S, Finger M, Haeger A, Hesse D (2006) Influence of gas atmosphere and temperature on the conductivity and the photoconductivity of a TiO2 single crystal in the surface region Phys. Chem Chem Phys 8:777–782. doi: 10.1039/B514867g10.1039/B514867G ↗
3. Boegeat D, Jousseaume S, Toupance T, Campet G, Fourne L (2000) The first mixed-valence fluorotin alkoxides: new sol–gel precursors of fluorine-doped tin oxide materials. Inorg Chem 39:3924–392710.1021/ic000111z ↗
4. Canteli D, Torres I, Garcia-Ballesteros JJ, Carabe J, Molpeceres C, Gandia JJ (2013) Characterization of direct- and back-scribing laser patterning of SnO2: F for a-Si: H PV module fabrication. Appl Surf Sci 271:223–227. doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.01.16410.1016/j.apsusc.2013.01.164 ↗
5. Choi W-K (1996) Chemical shifts and optical properties of tin oxide films grown by a reactive ion assisted deposition. J Vacuum Sci Technol A 14:359. doi: 10.1116/1.57990110.1116/1.579901 ↗
6. Cory DG, Ritchey WM (1988) Suppression of signals from the Probe in Bloch decay spectra. J Magn Reson 80:128–132. doi: 10.1016/0022-2364(88)90064-9
7. Dargaville TR, George GA, Hill DJT, Scheler U, Whittaker AK (2002) High-speed MAS F-19 NMR analysis of an irradiated fluoropolymer. Macromolecules 35:5544–5549. doi: 10.1021/Ma020195q10.1021/ma020195q ↗
8. El Akkad F, Paulose TAP (2014) Optical transitions and point defects in F:SnO2 films: effect of annealing. Appl Surf Sci 295:8–17. doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.12.05710.1016/j.apsusc.2013.12.057 ↗
9. Gamard ABO, Jousseaume B, Rascle MC, Toupance T, Campet G (2000) Conductive F-doped tin dioxide sol–gel materials from fluorinated b-diketonate Tin(IV) complexes. Characterization and thermolytic behavior. Chem Mater 12:3419–342610.1021/cm001073k ↗
10. Ha HW, Kim K, de Borniol M, Toupance T (2006) Fluorine-doped nanocrystalline SnO2 powders prepared via a single molecular precursor method as anode materials for Li-ion batteries. J Solid State Chem 179:702–707. doi: 10.1016/j.jssc.2005.11.02210.1016/j.jssc.2005.11.022 ↗
11. Han C-H, Jousseaume B, Rascle M-C, Toupance T, Cachet H, Vivier V (2004) Nanocrystalline F-doped tin dioxide materials: texture, morphology and photosensitization with a perylene-substituted organotin. J Fluor Chem 125:1247–1254. doi: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2004.05.01210.1016/j.jfluchem.2004.05.012 ↗
12. He XH, Qi LH, Wang JB, Shen MQ, Chang W, Fu C, Yang MG, Su XL (2011) Preparation of SnO2/C biomorphic materials by biotemplating from ramie fibres. Bull Mater Sci 34:1157–116210.1007/s12034-011-0133-1 ↗
13. Holt WH, Mock W, Santiago F (2000) X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indication of decomposition species in the residue of shocked polytetrafluoroethylene powder. J Appl Phys 88:5485–5486. doi: 10.1063/1.131487010.1063/1.1314870 ↗
14. Hori H et al (2004) Decomposition of environmentally persistent perfluorooctanoic acid in water by photochemical approaches. Environ Sci Technol 38:6118–6124. doi: 10.1021/Es049719n10.1021/es049719n ↗
15. Hori H, Yamamoto A, Koike K, Kutsuna S, Murayama M, Yoshimoto A, Arakawa R (2008) Photocatalytic decomposition of a perfluoroether carboxylic acid by tungstic heteropolyacids in water. Appl Catal B Environ 82:58–66. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2008.01.03110.1016/j.apcatb.2008.01.031 ↗
16. Ignat’eva LN, Buznik VM (2006) Quantum-chemical calculations of the IR absorption spectra of modified polytetrafluoroethylene forms. Russ J Phys Chem 80:1940–1948. doi: 10.1134/s003602440612013210.1134/S0036024406120132 ↗
17. Karelin AI, Leonova LS, Arsatov AV, Dobrovol’skii YA (2013) Vibrational spectra, structure, and proton conduction in hydrous tin dioxide. Russ J Inorg Chem 58:711–718. doi: 10.1134/S003602361306012010.1134/S0036023613060120 ↗
18. Kelly NA, Gibson TL (2006) Design and characterization of a robust photoelectrochemical device to generate hydrogen using solar water splitting. Int J Hydrogen Energy 31:1658–1673. doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2005.12.01410.1016/j.ijhydene.2005.12.014 ↗
19. Khan MM, Ansari SA, Pradhan D, Ansari MO, Han DH, Lee J, Cho MH (2014) Band gap engineered TiO2 nanoparticles for visible light induced photoelectrochemical and photocatalytic studies. J Mater Chem A 2:637–644. doi: 10.1039/C3ta14052k10.1039/C3TA14052K ↗
20. Kumar V, Govind A, Nagarajan R (2011) Optical and Photocatalytic Properties of Heavily F-Doped SnO2 Nanocrystals by a Novel Single-Source Precursor Approach. Inorg Chem 50:5637–5645. doi: 10.1021/Ic200343610.1021/ic2003436 ↗
21. Kumar P, Meena R, Paulraj R, Chanchal A, Verma AK, Bohidar HB (2012) Fluorescence behavior of non-functionalized carbon nanoparticles and their in vitro applications in imaging and cytotoxic analysis of cancer cells. Coll Surf B Biointerfaces 91:34–40. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.10.03410.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.10.034 ↗
22. Kuznetsov VN, Serpone N (2009) On the origin of the spectral bands in the visible absorption spectra of visible-light-active TiO2 specimens analysis and assignments. J Phys Chem C 113:15110–15123. doi: 10.1021/Jp901034t10.1021/jp901034t ↗
23. Lan T, Li CW, Fultz B (2012) Phonon anharmonicity of rutile SnO2 studied by Raman spectrometry and first principles calculations of the kinematics of phonon-phonon interactions. Phys Rev B. doi: 10.1103/Physrevb.86.134302
24. Li H, Kim H (2008) Thermal degradation and kinetic analysis of PVDF/modified MMT nanocomposite membranes. Desalination 234:9–15. doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2007.09.06410.1016/j.desal.2007.09.064 ↗
25. Liu LZ, Li TH, Wu XL, Shen JC, Chu PK (2012) Identification of oxygen vacancy types from Raman spectra of SnO2 nanocrystals. J Raman Spectrosc 43:1423–1426. doi: 10.1002/Jrs.407810.1002/jrs.4078 ↗
26. Lju LZ, Wu XL, Gao F, Shen JC, Li TH, Chu PK (2011) Determination of surface oxygen vacancy position in SnO2 nanocrystals by Raman spectroscopy. Solid State Commun 151:811–814. doi: 10.1016/j.ssc.2011.03.02910.1016/j.ssc.2011.03.029 ↗
27. Mehraj S, Ansari MS, Alimuddin J (2013) Rutile-type Co doped SnO2 diluted magnetic semiconductor nanoparticles: structural, dielectric and ferromagnetic behavior. Physica B Condens Matter 430:106–113. doi: 10.1010/j.physb.2013.08.02410.1016/j.physb.2013.08.024 ↗
28. Moens L, Ruiz P, Delmon B, Devillers M (1997) Enhancement of total oxidation of isobutene on bismuth-promoted tin oxide catalysts. Catal Lett 46:93–99. doi: 10.1023/A:101905003086510.1023/A:1019050030865 ↗
29. Ningthoujam RS, Kulshreshtha SK (2009) Nanocrystalline SnO2 from thermal decomposition of tin citrate crystal: luminescence and Raman studies. Mater Res Bull 44:57–62. doi: 10.1016/j.materresbull.2008.04.00410.1016/j.materresbull.2008.04.004 ↗
30. Orel B, Lavrencicstangar U, Crnjakorel Z, Bukovec P, Kosec M (1994) Structural and ftir spectroscopic studies of gel-xerogel-oxide transitions of SnO2 and SnO2–Sb powders and dip-coated films prepared via inorganic sol–gel route. J Non Cryst Solids 167:272–288. doi: 10.1016/0022-3093(94)90250-X10.1016/0022-3093(94)90250-X ↗
31. Panchangam SC, Lin AYC, Tsai JH, Lin CF (2009) Sonication assisted photocatalytic decomposition of perfluorooctanoic acid. Chemosphere 75:654–660. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.12.06510.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.12.065 ↗
32. Popa A, Toloman D, Raita O, Stan M, Pana O, Silipas TD, Giurgiu LM (2014) Ferromagnetic behaviour of vanadium doped SnO2 nanoparticles annealed at different temperatures. J Alloys Compds 591:201–206. doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.12.18910.1016/j.jallcom.2013.12.189 ↗
33. Rehman S, Ullah R, Butt AM, Gohar ND (2009) Strategies of making TiO2 and ZnO visible light active. J Hazard Mater 170:560–569. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.05.06410.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.05.064 ↗
34. Roman LS et al (2006) Optical band-edge absorption of oxide compound SnO2. Appl Surf Sci 252:5361–5364. doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2005.12.04010.1016/j.apsusc.2005.12.040 ↗
35. Rusu AO, Dumitriu E (2003) Destruction of volatile organic compounds by catalytic oxidation. Environ Eng Manag J 2:273–30210.30638/eemj.2003.027 ↗
36. Sanchez-Jimenez PE, Perez-Maqueda LA, Perejon A, Criado JM (2011) Constant rate thermal analysis for thermal stability studies of polymers. Polym Degrad Stab 96:974–981. doi: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2011.01.02710.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2011.01.027 ↗
37. Sansotera M, Persico F, Pirola C, Navarrini W, Di Michele A, Bianchi CL (2014) Decomposition of perfluorooctanoic acid photocatalyzed by titanium dioxide: chemical modification of the catalyst surface induced by fluoride ions. Appl Catal B Environ 148:29–35. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2013.10.03810.1016/j.apcatb.2013.10.038 ↗
38. Sarabadani P, Sadeghi M, Ghasemi M, Asadollahi Z, Afshari N (2011) Synthesis and characterization of tin oxide nanoparticles by solid state chemical reaction method. J Cluster Sci 22:131–140. doi: 10.1007/s10876-011-0350-110.1007/s10876-011-0350-1 ↗
39. Senna M, Sepelak V, Shi JM, Bauer B, Feldhoff A, Laporte V, Becker KD (2012) Introduction of oxygen vacancies and fluorine into TiO2 nanoparticles by co-milling with PTFE. J Solid State Chem 187:51–57. doi: 10.1016/j.jssc.2011.12.03610.1016/j.jssc.2011.12.036 ↗
40. Senna M, Düvel A, Sepelak V, Shi J, Da Silva K, Laporte V, Lebedkin S, Kübel C, Wang D, Schünemann D, Becker K-D, Heitjans P (2013) Transfer and state changes of fluorine at polytetrafluoroethylene/titania boundaries by mechanical stressing and thermal annealing. J Phys Chem C 117:15272–15278. doi: 10.1021/Jp402492610.1021/jp4024926 ↗
41. Senna M, Turianicová E, Sepelák V, Bruns M, Scholz G, Lebedkin S, Kübel C, Wang D, Kanuchová M, Kaus M, Hahn H (2014) Fluorine incorporation into SnO2 nanoparticles by co-milling with polyvinylidene fluoride. Solid State Sci 30:36–43. doi: 10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2014.02.01010.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2014.02.010 ↗
42. Shalan AE, Osama I, Rashad MM, Ibrahim IA (2014) An investigation on the properties of SnO2 nanoparticles synthesized using two different methods. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 25:303–310. doi: 10.1007/s10854-013-1586-3
43. Skogby H, Halenius U, Kristiansson P, Ohashi H (2006) Titanium incorporation and Ti-V(3+)-Ti-IV(4 +) charge transfer in synthetic diopside. Am Mineral 91:1794–1801. doi: 10.2138/Am.2006.215410.2138/am.2006.2154 ↗
44. Subbarao SN, Yun YH, Kershaw R, Dwight K, Wold A (1979) Electrical and optical properties of the system TiO2−XFx. Inorg Chem 18:488–492. doi: 10.1021/Ic50192a06410.1021/ic50192a064 ↗
45. Suh S, Hoffman DM (1996) Synthesis of tin oxide precursors and related germanium and lead compounds. Inorg Chem 35:6164–616910.1021/ic960293q ↗
46. Suh S, Hoffman DM (1997) Precursor oxidation state control of film stoichiometry in the metal-organic chemical vapor deposition of tin oxide. Thin Films Chem Mater 9:730–73510.1021/cm960423t ↗
47. Sun HQ, Wang SB, Ang HM, Tade MO, Li Q (2010) Halogen element modified titanium dioxide for visible light photocatalysis. Chem Eng J 162:437–447. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2010.05.06910.1016/j.cej.2010.05.069 ↗
48. Sun YF, Lei FC, Gao S, Pan BC, Zhou JF, Xie Y (2013) Atomically thin tin dioxide sheets for efficient catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide. Angew Chem Int Ed 52:10569–10572. doi: 10.1002/anie.20130553010.1002/anie.201305530 ↗
49. Valencia S, Marín JM, Restrepo G (2010) Study of the bandgap of synthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticules using the sol-gel method and a hydrothermal treatment. Open Mater Sci J 4:9–1410.2174/1874088X01004020009 ↗
50. Wang H et al (2012) Hydrothermal synthesis of hierarchical SnO2 microspheres for gas sensing and lithium-ion batteries applications: Fluoride-mediated formation of solid and hollow structures. J Mater Chem 22:2140–2148. doi: 10.1039/c1jm14839g10.1039/C1JM14839G ↗
51. Wentink T, Willwerth LJ, Phaneuf JP (1961) Properties of polyvinylidene fluoride. Part II. Infrared transmission of normal and thermally decomposed polymer. J Polym Sci 55:551–56210.1002/pol.1961.1205516213 ↗
52. Yang CC, Li S (2008) Size-dependent Raman red shifts of semiconductor nanocrystals. J Phys Chem B 112:14193–14197. doi: 10.1021/Jp804621v10.1021/jp804621v ↗
53. Yates HM, Evans P, Sheel DW, Heessels A, Ammerlaan J, Dagkaldiran U, Gordijn A (2011) Deposition of thin film SnO2: F onto aluminium foil for use in flexible tandem solar cells. Thin Solid Films 519:7731–7737. doi: 10.1016/j.tsf.2011.05.06910.1016/j.tsf.2011.05.069 ↗
54. Yu KN, Xiong YH, Liu YL, Xiong CS (1997) Microstructural change of nano-SnO2 grain assemblages with the annealing, temperature. Phys Rev B 55:2666–2671. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.55.266610.1103/PhysRevB.55.2666 ↗
55. Zhang SW, Wang DG, Yin WH (1995) Investigation of abrasive erosion of polymers. J Mater Sci 30:4561–4566. doi: 10.1007/Bf0115306310.1007/BF01153063 ↗
56. Zhang H, Liu YL, Zhu K, Siu GG, Xiong YH, Xiong CS (1998) Fourier transform infrared characterization of nanometre SnO2. J Phys: Condens Matter 10:11121–11127. doi: 10.1088/0953-8984/10/48/031
57. Zhang Q, Matsumoto H, Saito F (2001) Decomposition of polytetrafluoroethylene by grinding with strontium oxide. Chem Lett 30:148–14910.1246/cl.2001.148 ↗
58. Zhou GX, Xiong SJ, Wu XL, Liu LZ, Li TH, Chu PK (2013) N-doped SnO2 nanocrystals with green emission dependent upon mutual effects of nitrogen dopant and oxygen vacancy. Acta Mater 61:7342–7347. doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2013.08.04010.1016/j.actamat.2013.08.040 ↗