Controlled synthesis and magnetic properties of nickel phosphide and bimetallic iron–nickel phosphide nanorods
Source abstract
Abstract
Nickel phosphide (Ni2P) and bimetallic iron–nickel phosphides [(Fe x Ni y )2P] nanorods were fabricated by a seeded growth strategy. This strategy utilized pre-synthesized Fe3O4 nanoparticles as seeds and the thermal decomposition of metal precursors by multiple injections in a solution containing trioctylphosphine and didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB). The nanorods were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and magnetic measurements were carried out using superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). The rod length was tunable, ranging from 10 to 110 nm depending on the number of injections, whereas the diameter of the rods was nearly 6 nm. It was found that the rod size increased with the number of injections under the constant total injection concentration and reaction time. In addition, the effect of the DDAB quantity used as a co-surfactant was studied, which showed that an optimum quantity was required to achieve uniform nanorods. Magnetic characterizations were performed over the two kinds of nanorods to identify their respective magnetic phases. The results demonstrated that the Ni2P nanorods were defined as a Curie–Weiss paramagnet, whereas the (Fe x Ni y )2P nanorods exhibited superparamagnetic characteristics.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Catalysis and Hydrodesulfurization Studies · Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion · Catalytic Processes in Materials Science
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (40)
Show source-provided references
1. Bai J, Takahoshi H, Ito H, Saito H, Wei F, Yang Z, Ishio S (2004) Coercivity map of perpendicular patterned CoCrPt medium investigated by using MFM. Phys Status Solidi A 201:1662–166510.1002/pssa.200304537 ↗
2. Bieger T (1997) Fabrication, metallographic and tribologic investigations of LIGA-microstructures made of nickel phosphorous alloys. Microsyst Technol 3:155–16310.1007/s005420050073 ↗
3. Boyanov S, Bernardi J, Gillot F, Dupont L, Womes M, Tarascon JM, Monconduit L, Doublet ML (2006) FeP: another attractive anode for the Li-ion battery enlisting a reversible two-step insertion/conversion process. Chem Mater 18:3531–353810.1021/cm060433m ↗
4. Brock SL, Perera SC, Stamm L (2004) Chemical routes for production of transition-metal phosphides on the nanoscale: implications for advanced magnetic and catalytic materials. Chem Eur J 10:3364–337110.1002/chem.200305775 ↗
5. Cattaruzza F, Fiorani D, Flamini A, Imperatori P, Scavia G, Suber L, Testa AM, Mezzi A, Ausanio G, Plunkett WR (2005) Magnetite nanoparticles anchored to crystalline silicon surfaces. Chem Mater 17:3311–331610.1021/cm050231a ↗
6. Chubykalo-Fesenko OA, Chantrell RW (2004) Numerical evaluation of energy barriers and magnetic relaxation in interacting nanostructured magnetic systems. Phys B 343:189–19410.1016/j.physb.2003.08.092 ↗
7. Fujii S, Ishida S, Asano S (1988) Electronic structures and magnetic properties of Fe2P, Co2P and CoMnP. J Phys F 18:971–98010.1088/0305-4608/18/5/014 ↗
8. Gregg KA, Perera SC, Laws G, Shinozaki S, Brock SL (2006) Controlled synthesis of MnP nanorods: effect of shape anisotropy on magnetization. Chem Mater 18:879–88610.1021/cm052080h ↗
9. Guan J, Wang Y, Qin M, Yang Y, Li X, Wang A (2009) Synthesis of transition-metal phosphides from oxidic precursors by reduction in hydrogen plasma. J Solid State Chem 182:1550–155510.1016/j.jssc.2009.03.026 ↗
10. Hou HW, Yang Q, Tan CR, Ji GB, Xie Y (2004) One-pot solution-phase synthesis of paramagnetic Co2P nanorods. Chem Lett 33:1272–127310.1246/cl.2004.1272 ↗
11. Kelly AT, Rusakova I, Ould-Ely T, Hofmann C, Luttge A, Whitmire KH (2007) Iron phosphide nanostructures produced from a single-source organometallic precursor: nanorods, bundles, crosses, and spherulites. Nano Lett 7:2920–292510.1021/nl0713225 ↗
12. Lee KB, Park S, Mirkin CA (2004) Multicomponent magnetic nanorods for biomolecular separations. Angew Chem Int Ed 116:3110–311210.1002/ange.200454088 ↗
13. Liu JW, Chen XY, Shao MW, An CH, Yu WC, Qian YT (2003) Surfactant-aided solvothermal synthesis of dinickel phosphide nanocrystallites using red phosphorus as starting materials. J Cryst Growth 252:297–30110.1016/S0022-0248(03)00939-4 ↗
14. Liu C, Chung SH, Jin Q, Sutton A, Yan F, Hoffmann A, Kay BK, Bader SD, Makowski L, Chen L (2006) Magnetic viruses via nano-capsid templates. J Magn Magn Mater 302:47–5110.1016/j.jmmm.2005.08.027 ↗
15. Lo CT, Kuo PY (2010) Synthesis and magnetic properties of iron phosphide nanorods. J Phys Chem C 114:4808–481510.1021/jp9103239 ↗
16. Lukehart CM, Milne SB, Stock SR (1998) Formation of crystalline nanoclusters of Fe2P, RuP, Co2P, Rh2P, Ni2P, Pd5P2, or PtP2 in a silica xerogel matrix from single-source molecular precursors. Chem Mater 10:903–90810.1021/cm970673p ↗
17. Motojima S, Katsuhiko H, Takahashi Y, Sugiyama K (1979) Chemical vapor deposition of nickel phosphide Ni2P. J Less Common Met 64:101–10610.1016/0022-5088(79)90137-1 ↗
18. Motojima S, Wakamatsu T, Sugiyama K (1981) Corrosion stability of vapor-deposited transition metal phosphides at high temperature. J Less Common Met 82:379–38310.1016/0022-5088(81)90257-5 ↗
19. Muthuswamy E, Kharel PR, Lawes G, Brock SL (2009) Control of phase in phosphide nanoparticles produced by metal nanoparticle transformation: Fe2P and FeP. ACS Nano 3:2383–239310.1021/nn900574r ↗
20. Oyama ST (2003) Novel catalysts for advanced hydroprocessing: transition metal phosphides. J Catal 216:343–35210.1016/S0021-9517(02)00069-6 ↗
21. Park SJ, Kim S, Lee S, Khim ZG, Char K, Hyeon T (2000) Synthesis and magnetic studies of uniform iron nanorods and nanospheres. J Am Chem Soc 122:8581–858210.1021/ja001628c ↗
22. Park J, Koo B, Hwang Y, Bae C, An K, Park JG, Park HM, Hyeon T (2004) Novel synthesis of magnetic Fe2P nanorods from thermal decomposition of continuously delivered precursors using a syringe pump. Angew Chem Int Ed 43:282–2285
23. Park J, Koo B, Hwang Y, Bae C, An K, Park JG, Park HM, Hyeon T (2005) Generalized synthesis of metal phosphide nanorods via thermal decomposition of continuously delivered metal–phosphine complexes using a syringe pump. J Am Chem Soc 127:8433–844010.1021/ja0427496 ↗
24. Peng X, Wickham J, Alivisatos AP (1998) Kinetics of II–VI and III–V colloidal semiconductor nanocrystal growth: “focusing” of size distributions. J Am Chem Soc 120:5343–534410.1021/ja9805425 ↗
25. Qian XF, Zhang XM, Wang C, Wang WZ, Qian YT (1998) A new way to prepare nanocrystalline dinickel phosphide. Mater Res Bull 33:669–67210.1016/S0025-5408(98)00020-8 ↗
26. Qian C, Kim F, Ma L, Tsui F, Yang P, Liu J (2004) Solution-phase synthesis of single-crystalline iron phosphide nanorods/nanowires. J Am Chem Soc 126:1195–119810.1021/ja038401c ↗
27. Sawhill SJ, Phillips DC, Bussell ME (2003) Thiophene hydrodesulfurization over supported nickel phosphide catalysts. J Catal 215:208–21910.1016/S0021-9517(03)00018-6 ↗
28. Senevirathne K, Burns AW, Bussell ME, Brock SL (2007) Synthesis and characterization of discrete nickel phosphide nanoparticles: effect of surface ligation chemistry on catalytic hydrodesulfurization of thiophene. Adv Funct Mater 17:3933–393910.1002/adfm.200700758 ↗
29. Sredniawa B, Duraj R, Pacyna A, Bombik A, Zach R, Bacmann M, Fruchart D, Niziol S, Fornal P, Stanek J (2000) Magnetoelastic phase transitions and critical behaviour of (Fe1−x Ni x )2P system. Acta Phys Pol A 97:921–92610.12693/APhysPolA.97.921 ↗
30. van Schnering HG, Honle W (1994) Encyclopedia of inorganic chemistry, vol 6. Wiley, Chichester 3106
31. Wang R, Smith KJ (2010) The effect of preparation conditions on the properties of high-surface area Ni2P catalysts. App Catal A 380:149–16410.1016/j.apcata.2010.03.055 ↗
32. Wang X, Clark P, Oyama ST (2002) Synthesis, characterization, and hydrotreating activity of several iron group transition metal phosphides. J Catal 208:321–33110.1006/jcat.2002.3604 ↗
33. Wang A, Qin M, Guan J, Wang L, Guo H, Li X, Wang Y, Prins R, Hu Y (2008) The synthesis of metal phosphides: reduction of oxide precursors in a hydrogen plasma. Angew Chem Int Ed 47:6052–605410.1002/anie.200801559 ↗
34. Wang JL, Yang Q, Zhang ZD, Sun SH (2010a) Phase-controlled synthesis of transition-metal phosphide nanowires by Ullmann-type reactions. Chem Eur J 16:7916–792410.1002/chem.200902151 ↗
35. Wang JL, Yang Q, Zhou J, Sun KW, Zhang ZD, Feng XM, Li TW (2010b) Magnetic Fe2P nanowires and Fe2P@C core@shell nanocables. Nano Res 3:211–22110.1007/s12274-010-1024-2 ↗
36. Xie SH, Qiao MH, Zhou WZ, Luo G, He HY, Fan KN, Zhao TJ, Yuan WK (2005) Controlled synthesis, characterization, and crystallization of Ni–P nanospheres. J Phys Chem B 109:24361–2436810.1021/jp055068l ↗
37. Yoon KY, Jang Y, Park J, Hwang Y, Koo B, Park JG, Hyeon T (2008) Synthesis of uniform-sized bimetallic iron-nickel phosphide nanorods. J Solid State Chem 181:1609–161310.1016/j.jssc.2008.05.022 ↗
38. Yunle G, Fan G, Qian Y, Huagui Z, Ziping Y (2002) A solvothermal synthesis of ultra-fine iron phosphide. Mater Res Bull 37:1101–110510.1016/S0025-5408(02)00749-3 ↗
39. Zach R, Tobola J, Sredniawa B, Kaprzyk S, Casado C, Bacmann M, Fruchart D (2004) Magneto-elastic properties and electronic structure analysis of the (Fe1−x Ni x )2P system. J Alloy Compd 383:322–32710.1016/j.jallcom.2004.04.039 ↗
40. Zhang XF, Zhang QM, Zhao AQ, Guan J, He DM, Hu HQ, Liang CH (2010) Naphthalene hydrogenation over silica supported nickel phosphide in the absence and presence of n-containing compounds. Energy Fuels 24:3796–380310.1021/ef100342z ↗