The effect of water on the stability of C60 fullerene nanowhiskers
Source abstract
Abstract
The morphology of C60 precipitates synthesized by using isopropyl alcohol (IPA) added with water was investigated in order to know the effect of water on the growth of C60 nanowhiskers (C60NWs) in C60–toluene–IPA solution systems. The stability of C60NWs decreased and granular crystals of C60 were formed in the solutions when IPA added with an excess amount of water was used in the liquid–liquid interfacial precipitation method. The C60NWs were found to be destabilized with time in the solutions added with water. The C60NWs dried in air showed similar Raman profiles irrespective of the use of IPA with and without water addition. The Raman profiles of granular C60 single crystals showed the base lines much flatter than those of C60NWs, indicating that C60NWs possess a disordered crystal structure. By optimizing the growth condition, short C60NWs with aspect ratios ranging from 3 to 10 and an average length of about 1.8 μm were successfully fabricated. The short C60NWs are expected to be applicable for electrodes of organic thick film solar cells.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Fullerene Chemistry and Applications · Polymer Nanocomposite Synthesis and Irradiation · Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (21)
Show source-provided references
1. Guo JH, Luo Y, Augustsson A, Kashtanov S, Rubensson JE, Shuh DK, Ågren H, Nordgren J (2003) Molecular structure of alcohol–water mixtures. Phys Rev Lett 91:15740110.1103/PhysRevLett.91.157401 ↗
2. Hotta K, Miyazawa K (2008) Growth rate measurement of C60 fullerene nanowhiskers. Nano 3:355–35910.1142/S1793292008001192 ↗
3. Hotta K, Miyazawa K (2009) Synthesis and growth investigation of C60 fullerene nanowhiskers. J Phys Conf Ser 159:01202110.1088/1742-6596/159/1/012021 ↗
4. Kemp DD, Gordon MS (2008) An interpretation of the enhancement of the water dipole moment due to the presence of other water molecules. J Phys Chem A 112:4885–489410.1021/jp801921f ↗
5. Minato J, Miyazawa K (2005) Solvated structure of C60 nanowhiskers. Carbon 43:2837–284110.1016/j.carbon.2005.06.013 ↗
6. Minato J, Miyazawa K (2006) C60 fullerene tubes as removable templates. J Mater Res 21:529–53410.1557/jmr.2006.0066 ↗
7. Miyazawa K (2003) Creating nanofibers from fullerenes. NIMS NOW 1:2
8. Miyazawa K (2009) Synthesis and properties of fullerene nanowhiskers and fullerene nanotubes. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 9:41–5010.1166/jnn.2009.J013 ↗
9. Miyazawa K, Hotta K (2010) The effect of solvent ratio and water on the growth of C60 nanowhiskers. J Cryst Growth 312:2764–277010.1016/j.jcrysgro.2010.06.020 ↗
10. Miyazawa K, Ringor C (2008) Platinum chloride deposition into C60 nanotubes. Mater Lett 62:410–41310.1016/j.matlet.2007.05.069 ↗
11. Miyazawa K, Obayashi A, Kuwabara M (2001) C60 nanowhiskers in a mixture of lead zirconate titanate sol–C60 toluene solution. J Am Ceram Soc 84:3037–303910.1111/j.1151-2916.2001.tb01133.x ↗
12. Miyazawa K, Kuwasaki Y, Obayashi A, Kuwabara M (2002) C60 nanowhiskers formed by the liquid–liquid interfacial precipitation method. J Mater Res 17:83–8810.1557/JMR.2002.0014 ↗
13. Miyazawa K, Minato J, Mashino T, Yoshii T, Kizuka T, Kato R, Tachibana M, Suga T (2005) Characterization of the liquid-phase synthesized fullerene nanotubes and nanowhiskers. In: Proceedings of the second JSME/ASME international conference on materials and processing 2005—the 13th JSME materials and processing conference (M&P2005), Seattle, USA, 2005, p SMS-23
14. Nakao Y, Nagasawa H, Yamaoka R, Itoh H, Sakai Y, Tagashira H (1997) Influence of molecular structure on the propagation of streamer discharge in dielectric liquids. J Electrostat 40 and 41:199–20410.1016/S0304-3886(97)00037-5 ↗
15. Ogawa K, Kato T, Ikegami A, Tsuji H, Aoki N, Ochiai Y, Bird JP (2006) Electrical properties of field-effect transistors based on C60 nanowhiskers. Appl Phys Lett 88:11210910.1063/1.2186519 ↗
16. Ogawa K, Nobuyuki A, Miyazawa K, Nakamura S, Mashino T, Bird JP, Ochiai Y (2008) C60 nanowhisker field-effect-transistor application for nano-electronics. Jpn J Appl Phys 47:501–50410.1143/JJAP.47.501 ↗
17. Sathish M, Miyazawa K, Sasaki T (2008) Preparation, characterization and electrochemical application of metal/metal-ion loaded fullerene nanowhiskers. J Solid State Electrochem 12:835–84010.1007/s10008-007-0396-z ↗
18. Somani PR, Somani SP, Umeno M (2007) Toward organic thick film solar cells: three dimensional bulk heterojunction organic thick film solar cell using fullerene single crystal nanorods. Appl Phys Lett 91:17350310.1063/1.2801624 ↗
19. Tachibana M, Kobayashi K, Uchida T, Kojima K, Tanimura M, Miyazawa K (2003) Photo-assisted growth and polymerization of C60 ‘nano’ whiskers. Chem Phys Lett 374:279–28510.1016/S0009-2614(03)00723-1 ↗
20. The Royal Society and the Royal Academy of Engineering (2004) Nanoscience and nanotechnologies: opportunities and uncertainties. The Royal Society, London, p 37. http://www.nanotec.org.uk/report/chapter5.pdf
21. Wang Q, Zhang Y, Miyazawa K, Kato R, Hotta K, Wakahara T (2009) Improved fullerene nanofiber electrodes used in direct methanol fuel cells. J Phys Conf Ser 159:01202310.1088/1742-6596/159/1/012023 ↗