Sinter-active nanocrystalline CeO2 powder prepared by a mixed fuel process: Effect of fuel on particle agglomeration

A modified combustion process, namely a mixed fuel process making use of a mixture of two fuels, such as citric acid and glycine has been developed to prepare nanocrystalline ceria powders. The effect of the mixed fuel and the different fuel to oxidant ratios on the decomposition characteristics of the gels were investigated by simultaneous thermal analysis experiments. It was established from various characterization techniques that the ceria powder prepared through the mixed fuel process has got the optimum powder characteristics, namely, a surface area of 33.33 m2/g and a crystallite size of 14 nm compared to the powders produced through the combustion process using a single fuel like glycine or citric acid. Such powders when sintered at 1250°C resulted in pellets with densities in the range of 94–96% of theoretical density. In this paper, we have carried out systematic studies on the sintering of ceria powders prepared by different approaches. The sintered ceramic from mixed fuel batch, exhibited and retained relative density more than 95% up to 1250°C and this data clearly underscores the ability of this process in developing ceria ceramics with increased stability against reduction.