A survey on dynamic modeling of manipulation of nanoparticles based on atomic force microscope and investigation of involved factors

In this article, the collection of studies with regard to the modeling of nanomanipulation based on atomic force microscope (AFM) is discussed. To model the manipulation process, two-dimensional and three-dimensional models in the classical environment and molecular dynamics can be presented. The decisive factor in determining the solution’s type depends on the dimensions and application of manipulation. In general, however, benefiting from multiscale methods offers more realistic results from the inherent characteristics of AFM point of view. In addition, the manipulation process is examined empirically. Different parameters affect the process. Overall, these include the geometric properties of AFM, geometric properties and material of nanoparticles, process execution environment, initial impact of nanoparticles, contact mechanics, and roughness. The geometric parameters of AFM have less importance compared with other factors. The material and geometry of nanoparticles and environmental reaction play their most dominant role in contact and roughness equations as well as intermolecular forces. For instance, for softer nanoparticles, elastoplastic and viscoelastic contact theories are more suited. In contrast, in environments except vacuum and air, roughness models with more developed adhesion terms are better choices. Employing complex contact theories can provide us with permanent deformations, roughness, reduction in force, and critical indentation depth. In addition to the involved parameters in modeling the nanomanipulation process, path planning techniques for obtaining the optimal path and control of the AFM set for its exact execution are other influential notions.