journal article·2021-01

Synthesis, characterization and ab initio study of WO3 nanocubes with peculiar electrochemical properties

A. K. H. Bashir, R. Morad, A. C. Nwanya, M. Akbari, J. Sackey, K. Kaviyarasu, I. G. Madiba, F. I. Ezema, M. Maaza

Journal of Nanoparticle Research· Volume 23· Issue 1
Publisher page

Abstract

A non-energy intense route was used for the synthesis of highly crystalline WO3 nanocubes. The morphological studies confirmed the cuboidal shape of the nanocrystals. Raman spectrum result for the synthesized sample revealed that the vibrational modes correspond to those ones assigned to single phase stoichiometric WO3. The band gap Eg was derived based on UV-Vis diffuse reflectance result and found to be 2.58 eV, whereas the photoluminescence (PL) result confirmed the blue emission for the synthesized sample. The structural and electronic properties of the orthorhombic WO3 were studied within the spin-polarized density functional theory (SDFT) using various functionals. Results indicated that the orthorhombic WO3 is non-magnetic and has a direct band gap in the range of 2.15–3.75 eV which depends on the exchange-correlation functional used in the theory. The electrochemical studies showed that the nanocubes exhibited a peculiar electrochemical behaviour. In fact, the charge transfer resistances relatively enhanced which may results in decreasing the capacitance of the highly crystalline WO3 nanocubes.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Transition Metal Oxide Nanomaterials · Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors · Conducting polymers and applications

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (43)

Show source-provided references
1. Ashkarran AA, Irajizad A, Ahadian MM, Ardakani SAM (2008) Synthesis and photocatalytic activity of W3 nanoparticles prepared by the arc discharge method in deionized water. Nanotechnology 19:195709–19571610.1088/0957-4484/19/19/195709 ↗
2. Azam A, Kim J, Park J, Novak TG, Tiwari AP, Song SH, Kim B, Jeon S (2018) Two dimensional WO3 nanosheets chemically converted from layered WS2 for high performance electrochromic devices. Nano Lett 18:5646–565110.1021/acs.nanolett.8b02150 ↗
3. Babu MB, Madhuri KV (2017) Structural, morphological and optical properties of electron beam evaporated WO3 thin films. J Taibah Univ Sci 11:1232–123710.1016/j.jtusci.2016.12.003 ↗
4. Bashir AK, Tchokonte MBT, Strydom AM (2016) Electrical and thermal transport properties of RECu4Au compounds, RE=Nd, Gd. J Magn Magn Mat 414:69–7310.1016/j.jmmm.2016.04.049 ↗
5. Bashir AKH, Furqan CM, Bharuth-Ram K, Kaviyarasu K, Tchokonte MBT, Maaza M (2019) Structural, optical and Mӧssbauer investigation on the biosynthesized α-Fe2O3: study on different precursors. Phys E Low Dimens Syst Nanostruct 111:152–15710.1016/j.physe.2019.03.010 ↗
6. Bashir AKH, Matinise N, Sackey J, Kaviyarasu K, Madiba IG, Kodseti L, Maaza M (2020) Investigation of electrochemical performance, optical and magnetic properties of NiFe2O4 nanoparticles prepared by a green chemistry method. Phys E Low Dimens Syst Nanostruct 119:11400210.1016/j.physe.2020.114002 ↗
7. Becke AD (1988) Exchange: density-functional exchange-energy approximation with correct asymptotic behavior. Phys Rev A 38(1988):3098 (subscription needed)10.1103/PhysRevA.38.3098 ↗
8. Becke AD (1993) B3LYP: density-functional thermochemistry. III. The role of exact exchange. J Chem Phys 98:5648 (subscription needed)10.1063/1.464913 ↗
9. Blackman CS, Parkin IP (2005) Atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition of crystalline monoclinic WO3 and WO3−x thin films from reaction of WCl6 with O-containing solvents and their photochromic and electrochromic properties. Chem Mater 17:1583–159010.1021/cm0403816 ↗
10. Bucha VR, Chawlab AK, Rawalc SK (2016) Review on electrochromic property for WO3 thin films using different deposition techniques Mater. Today Proceed 3:1429
11. Cao B, Chen J, Tang X, Zhou W (2009) Growth of monoclinic WO3 nanowire array for highly sensitive NO2 detection. J Mater Chem 19:2323–232710.1039/b816646c ↗
12. Chen J, Wang H, Deng J, Xu C, Wang Y (2018) Low-crystalline tungsten trioxide anode with superior electrochemical performance for flexible solid-state asymmetry supercapacitor. J Mater Chem. A 6:8986–899110.1039/C8TA01323C ↗
13. Christou K, Louloudakis D, Vernardou D, Katsarakis N, Koudoumas E (2015) Onepot syn thesis of WO3 structures at 95°C using HCl. J Sol Gel Sci Technol 73:520–52610.1007/s10971-014-3459-5 ↗
14. Garcia-Sanchez RF, Ahmido T, Casimir D, Baliga S, Misra P (2013) Thermal effects associated with the Raman spectroscopy of WO3 gas-sensor materials. J Phys Chem A 117:13825–1383110.1021/jp408303p ↗
15. Gesheva K, Szekeres A, Ivanova T (2003) Photovoltaics and photoactive materials - properties, technology and applications. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 76:563–57610.1016/S0927-0248(02)00267-2 ↗
16. Giannozzi P, Baroni S, Bonini N, Calandra M, Car R, Cavazzoni C, Corso AD (2009) Quantum espresso: a modular and open-source software project for quantum simulations of materials. J Phys Condens Matter 21(39):3955010.1088/0953-8984/21/39/395502 ↗
17. Gonzalez-Borrero PP, Sato F, Medina AN, Baesso ML, Bento AC, Baldissera G, Persson C, Niklasson GA, Granqvist CG, Ferreira da Silva A (2010) Optical band-gap determination of nanostructured WO3 film. Appl Phys Lett 96:06190910.1063/1.3313945 ↗
18. Granqvist CG (2000) Electrochromic tungsten oxide films: review of progress 1993-1998. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 60:201–26210.1016/S0927-0248(99)00088-4 ↗
19. Habazaki H, Hayashi Y, Konno H (2002) Characterization of electrodeposited WO3 films and its application to electrochemical wastewater treatment. Electrochim Acta 47:4181–418810.1016/S0013-4686(02)00435-8 ↗
20. Heyd J, Scuseria GE, Ernzerhof M (2003) Hybrid functionals based on a screened Coulomb potential. J Chem Phys 118(18):8207–821510.1063/1.1564060 ↗
21. Ijeha RO, Nwany AC, Nkeleb AC, Khumalo Z, Madiba IG, Bashir AK, Osujib RU, Maaza M, Ezema F (2019) Magnetic and optical properties of electrodeposited nanospherical copper doped nickel oxide thin films. Phys E Low Dimens Syst Nanostruct 113:233–23910.1016/j.physe.2019.05.013 ↗
22. Kharade RR, Mane SR, Mane RM, Patil PS, Bhosale PN (2010) Synthesis and characterization of chemically grown electrochromic tungsten oxide. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 56:17710.1007/s10971-010-2291-9 ↗
23. Kohn W, Becke AD, Parr RG (1996) Density functional theory of electronic structure. J Phys Chem 100:12974–1298010.1021/jp960669l ↗
24. Kumar SK, Choudhary N, Jung Y, Thomas J (2018) Recent advances in two-. dimensional nanomaterials for supercapacitor electrode applications. ACS Energy Lett 3(2):482–49510.1021/acsenergylett.7b01169 ↗
25. Lee C, Yang W, Parr RG (1988) Correlation: development of the Colle-Salvetti correlation-energy formula into a functional of the electron density. Phys Rev B 37:785 (subscription needed)10.1103/PhysRevB.37.785 ↗
26. Lethy KJ, Beena D, Mahadevan Pillai VP, Ganesan V (2008) Bandgap renormalization in titania modified nanostructured tungsten oxide thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition technique for solar cell applications. J Appl Phys 104:033515–03351210.1063/1.2953070 ↗
27. Li L, Krissanasaeranee M, Pattinson SW, Stefik M, Wiesner U, Steiner U, Eder D (2010) Enhanced photocatalytic properties in well-ordered mesoporous WO3. Chem Commun 46:7620–776210.1039/c0cc01237h ↗
28. Miyauchi M (2008) Photocatalysis and photoinduced hydrophilicity of WO3 thin films with underlying Pt nanoparticles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 10:6258–626510.1039/b807426g ↗
29. Mozalev A, Khatko V, Bittencourt C, Hassel AW, Gorokh G, Llobet E, Correig X (2008) Nanostructured column like tungsten oxide film by anodizing Al/W/Ti layers on Si. Chem Mater 20:648210.1021/cm801481z ↗
30. Nwanya AC, Jafta CJ, Ejikeme PM, Ugwuoke PE, Reddy MV, Osuji RU, Ozoemena KI, Ezema FI (2014) Electrochromic and electrochemical capacitive properties of tungsten oxide and its polyaniline nanocomposite films obtained by chemical bath deposition method. Electrochim Acta 128:2110.1016/j.electacta.2013.10.002 ↗
31. Nwanya AC, Obi D, Osuji RU, Bucher R, Maaza M, Ezema FI (2017) Simple chemical route for nanorod-like cobalt oxide films for electrochemical energy storage applications. J Solid State Electrochem 21:2567–257610.1007/s10008-017-3520-8 ↗
32. Nwanya AC, Ndipingwi MM, Ikpo CO, Obodo RM, Nwanya SC, Botha S, Ezema FI, Iwuoha EI, Maaza M (2020) Zea mays lea silk extract mediated synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles as positive electrode material for asymmetric supercar battery. J Alloys Compd 822:153581.8–153581.1535822510.1016/j.jallcom.2019.153581 ↗
33. Pecquenard B, Lecacheaux H, Livage L, Julien C (1998) J Solid State Chem : 135, 159-168. Habazaki H, Hayashi Y, Konno H (2002). Electrochim Acta 47:4181–4188
34. Perdew JP, Chevary JA, Vosko SH, Jackson KA, Pederson MR, Singh DJ, Fiolhais C (1992) Atoms, molecules, solids, and surfaces: applications of the generalized gradient approximation for exchange and correlation. Phys Rev B 46(11):667110.1103/PhysRevB.46.6671 ↗
35. Perdew JP, Burke K, Ernzerhof M (1996) Generalized gradient approximation made simple. Phys Rev Lett. 77(18):386510.1103/PhysRevLett.77.3865 ↗
36. Sadakane M, Sasaki K, Kunioku H, Ohtani B, Ueda W, Abe R (2008) Preparation of nanostructured crystalline tungsten(VI) oxide and enhanced photocatalytic activity for decomposition of organic compounds under visible light irradiation. Chem Commun (48):6552–655610.1039/b815214d ↗
37. Salje E (1977) The orthorhombic phase of WO3. Acta Crystallogr B 33:574–57710.1107/S0567740877004130 ↗
38. Stankova M, Vilanova X, Llobet E, Calderer J, Vinaixa M, Gracia I, Cane C, Correig X (2006) On-line monitoring of CO2 quality using doped WO3 thin film sensors. Thin Solid Films 500:302–308.55410.1016/j.tsf.2005.11.021 ↗
39. Stephens PJ, Devlin FJ, Chabalowski CF, Frisch MJ (1994) Ab initio calculation of vibrational absorption and circular dichroism spectra using density functional force fields. J Phys Chem 98:11623–1162710.1021/j100096a001 ↗
40. Wang L, Hu H, Xu J, Zhu S, Ding A, Deng C (2019) WO3 nanocubes: hydrothermal synthesis, growth mechanism, and photocatalytic performance. J Mater Res 34(17):2955–296310.1557/jmr.2019.189 ↗
41. Yang J, Li W, Li J, Sun D, Chen Q (2012) Hydrothermal synthesis and photoelectrochemical properties of vertically aligned tungsten trioxide(hydrate) plate-like arrays fabricated directly on FTO substrates. J MaterChem 22:17744–17752
42. Zheng H, Ou JZ, Strano MS, Kaner RB, Mitchell A, Kalantarzadeh K (2011) Nanostructured tungsten oxide properties, synthesis, and applications. Adv Funct Mater 21:2175–219610.1002/adfm.201002477 ↗
43. Zou B, Gong S, Wang Y, Liu X (2014) Tungsten oxide and polyaniline composite fabricated by surfactant-templated electrodeposition and its use in supercapacitors. Journal of nanomaterials 2014:Article ID 81312010.1155/2014/813120 ↗