Earthquake Risk Assessment Approach Using Multiple Spatial Parameters for Shelter Demands

The earthquake is considered one of the most devastating disasters in any area of the world due to its potentially destructive force. Based on the various earthquake-related parameters, the risk assessment is enabled in advance to prevent future earthquake disasters. In this paper, for providing the shelter space demands to reduce the damage level and prevention costs, an earthquake risk assessment approach is proposed for deriving the risk index based on multiple spatial parameters in the gridded map. The proposed assessment approach is comprised of pre-processing, methodology model, and data visualization. The risk index model derives the earthquake risk index by multiple spatial parameters including indexes of earthquake, danger, shelter, and building for blocks in the quantitative gridded map. The parameters are provided based on mathematical models and combined with the risk index that presents the earthquake risk assessment result for each block. Therefore, the gridding approach is proposed to provide the elements of the risk assessment area that are used in the spatial parameters. The gridded map is developed for the selected area to visualize risk index parameters associated with each risk zone. Based on the derived result of the proposed earthquake risk index model, emergency shelter requirements are provided according to the risk index for each location, which supports safety measures in advance to prevent future earthquake disasters.