Programmable DNA Nanostructure‐Based Sensing Platforms

Sensing technology plays a crucial role in medical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and public safety. However, conventional sensing methods remain limited in sensitivity, specificity, and stability under complex conditions. Programmable DNA nanostructures, exemplified by DNA origami, offer a transformative route to next‐generation sensing platforms by leveraging their precise self‐assembly capability and controllable stimuli‐responsive mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the key advances in DNA nanostructure‐based sensing from the perspective of response mechanisms and signal transduction, covering biosensing, chemical sensing, physical sensing, and multimodal sensing, with emphasis on design strategies, performance advantages, and potential applications across different sensing modalities. Finally, the current challenges impeding the practical application of DNA nanostructures in sensing are concluded, along with an outlook on future research directions.