Manipulating 2D Nanomaterials: Shaping the Future of Intelligent Wearable Health Monitoring Devices

Wearable electronic devices have become crucial for real-time, noninvasive human health monitoring. In particular, those based on 2D nanomaterials have attracted much attention due to their unique properties. However, there is a lack of comprehensive reviews that integrate wearable electronics and diverse health monitoring applications based on 2D nanomaterials. This review systematically summarizes the sensing mechanisms and types of 2D nanomaterial devices, as well as the effects of intrinsic structure, atoms, layers, bandgap, and other factors on device performance. And it discusses the applications of the devices, which can monitor various physical, electrochemical, and bioelectronic signals, revolutionizing healthcare. Finally, this review also provides prospects for wearable electronic devices using 2D nanomaterials, highlighting the importance of material stability and low-cost, universal preparation of 2D nanomaterials, as well as the urgent need to combine artificial intelligence and machine/deep learning. This review will inspire further exploration of material properties, optimization of device design, and expansion of monitored health parameters, facilitating the development of more efficient, comfortable, and intelligent health monitoring systems, and providing insights relevant to future artificial intelligence "organolization".