journal article·2026-01-13

A Random–Aligned Carbon Nanofiber Interface Enhancing the Intrinsic Electric Field for High-Performance Lithium Metal Batteries

Dehong Kong, Xiaobing Wang, Jun Wei, Shifeng Chu, Huaike Li, Wei Guo, Yue Mu, Keping Zhu, Yinlong Han, Wangyang Li, Ailin Xie, Nü Wang, Yong Zhao, Yong Zhao

ACS Nano· Volume 20· Issue 1
Publisher page

Abstract

Dendrite growth and interfacial side reactions severely impair the stability of lithium negative electrodes. A deeper understanding of the structure–performance relationship between current collectors (CCs) and lithium deposition is crucial for addressing these challenges. In this study, a “random-to-aligned hierarchical porous carbon nanofibers” (r/a-HPCNFs) CC strategy was proposed to realize uniform bottom-up lithium-ion (Li + ) deposition by analyzing the ion transport within aligned CNF channels. By constructing a top-random/bottom-aligned interface with different charge centers, the dielectric constant can be effectively adjusted, thereby promoting a polarization transformation of the intrinsic electric field and strengthening the driving force for Li + migration toward the bottom of the CC. The symmetric cell assembled with Li-predeposited r/a-HPCNFs operates stably for over 6500 h at 5 mA cm –2 . With less Li predeposition (∼3 mAh, N/P = 2), r/a-HPCNF-based full cells (LiFePO 4, LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2, and sulfur) deliver >80% capacity over 400, 260, and 200 cycles at 3, 2, and 0.5 C, respectively. These results highlight the key role of the random–aligned hierarchical architecture in intrinsic field regulation, enabling dendrite suppression and stable cycling.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies · Advancements in Battery Materials · Advanced Battery Technologies Research

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

State Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Interfacial Materials Science, Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Chemistry

Beihang University

Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Nano Science and Materials Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications

Henan University

NHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, School of Life Sciences and Medical Technology

Hainan Medical University

Funding

Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province · National Program for Support of Top-notch Young Professionals · Science and Technology Innovation Talents in Universities of Henan Province · Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality · Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities · National Natural Science Foundation of China · National Outstanding Youth Foundation of China · Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project · Program for Innovative Research Team (in Science and Technology) in University of Henan Province · Joint Fund of Science and Technology R&D Plan of Henan Province

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