Preferential growth transformation of Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 films induced by facile post-annealing process: Enhanced thermoelectric performance with layered structure

Abstract Preferential growth transformation from (015) plane to (00 l ) plane of the bismuth antimony tellurium (Bi 0.5 Sb 1.5 Te 3 ) film has been achieved through a facile post-annealing process with enhanced thermoelectric performance. The Bi 0.5 Sb 1.5 Te 3 film with preferential growth of (015) crystal plane was obtained via dc magnetron sputtering, and the Stranski–Krastanov model has been used to explain its growth mechanism. Preferential growth transformation from (015) plane to (00 l ) plane occurred after a post-annealing process. The driving force of this phenomenon is the natural tendency to reduce the total interfacial energy of the system, and the migration and coalescence of atoms along the in-plane direction form the layered structure. Moreover, the carrier concentration of Bi 0.5 Sb 1.5 Te 3 films is optimized to ~0 19 /cm 3 in the film with preferential growth of (00 l ) plan. Hence, a synchronous increase of electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient is obtained due to the greatly enhanced carrier mobility and optimized carrier concentration. Therefore, the Bi 0.5 Sb 1.5 Te 3 film with the preferential growth of (00 l ) plane possesses power factor of 48.2 μW/cm K 2 which is three times higher than that of the film with the preferential growth of (015) plane. Our study has provided a facile strategy to induce preferential growth transformation in Bi 0.5 Sb 1.5 Te 3 films and meanwhile largely enhanced the thermoelectric performance.