Wettability modification of graphene oxide by removal of carboxyl functional groups using non-thermal effects of microwave

Abstract We study the non-thermal effects of microwave on the wettability of graphene oxide. It is shown that removal of carboxyl compound by using the non-thermal microwave effects decrease the wettability of graphene oxide. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (C1s and O1s peaks) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy show that carboxyl compound decreases dramatically due to microwave irradiation while other functional groups were gradually reduced. Consequently, after 20 min microwave irradiation, carboxyl functional groups are removed. Wettability tests of carboxyl-reduced graphene oxide show that water uptake capability decreases to half and contact angle of water droplets increases from ~ 29.7° to ~ 69.9°.