Thickness dependence of structure and optical properties of silver films deposited by magnetron sputtering

A series of silver films with different thickness were prepared under identical conditions by direct current magnetron sputtering. The optical properties of the silver films were measured using spectrophotometric techniques and the optical constants were calculated from reflection and transmission measurements made at near normal incidence. The results show that the optical properties and constants are affected by films' thickness. Below the critical thickness of 17 nm at which Ag film forms a continuous film, the optical properties and constants vary significantly as the thickness of films increases and then tends to a stable value which is reached at 41 nm. X-ray diffraction measurements were carried out to examine the structure and stress evolution of the Ag films as a function of films' thickness. It was found that the interplanar distance of (111) orientation decreases when the film thickness increases and tends to be close to that of bulk material. The compressive strains also decrease with increasing thickness. (C) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V.