Influence of dopant concentration on the optical properties of ZnO: In films by sol–gel method

Abstract Undoped and In doped ZnO films have been deposited by sol–gel spin coating method. The effect of indium incorporation on structural and optical properties of ZnO films has been investigated. X-ray diffraction patterns of the films showed the hexagonal wurtzite type polycrystalline structure and that indium incorporation leads to substantial changes in the structural characteristics of ZnO films. The SEM and AFM measurements showed that the surface morphology of the films was affected from the indium incorporation. Optical reflectance and transmittance were recorded with a double beam spectrophotometer with an integrating sphere. The optical band gap of these films was determined. The absorption edge shifted to the lower energy depending on the dopant materials. The optical constants of these films were determined using transmittance and reflectance spectra.